海州湾近海海水、沉积物及贝类体内重金属的含量和分布特征

根据2008年海州湾海域环境调查资料,着重分析了海州湾近海海水、沉积物及贝类体内重金属的含量及分布。结果表明,海州湾海水中Pb、Cd、Cu、Zn的含量均低于第二类海水标准;Pb、Cd、Zn在临洪河口、堤北附近海域含量高于其他海区。各海区沉积物中Pb、Cd、Cu、Zn、Hg和As的含量都低于《海洋沉积物质量》第一类标准,质量良好。文中依据《无公害水产品安全要求》和《海洋生物质量》进行评价,海州湾沿海36份贝样中,Hg、As、Cu、Pb、Cd、Zn的残留量均有不同程度超标,以Cd、As含量超标较为严重,海州湾近海贝类质量状况并不乐观。临洪河口到港区段海水、沉积物和贝类体内重金属受外在因素影响,叠加作用较为明显。

Contents and Distributions of Heavy Metals in Sea Water, Sediments and Shellfishes in Haizhou Bay

Based on the data of environmental survey obtained from the Haizhou Bay in 2008, the concentrations and distributions of heavy metals in sea water, surface sediments and shellfishes were analyzed. The results were summarized as follows： the contents of Ph, Cd, Cu, Zn in sea water in the Haizhou Bay were all below the values of the first degree of Water Quality Standard. The contents of Pb, Cd, Zn from the Linhong River mouth and the dyke north were much higher than other sea areas. The contents of Pb, Cd, Cu, Zn, Hg and As in surface sediments from every sea area were all below the values of Standard for Marine Sediments Quality, with good quality. According to the values of Harmless Foods and Marine Biological Quality, the pollution level of the shellfishes of the Haizhou Bay by heavy metals had been assessed. The results showed that the concentrations of heavy metals in shellfishes at the Haizhou Bay were except the standards in various degreely, the contents of Cd and As seriously exceeds. The qualities of shellfishes in the Haizhou Bay were not well. The segistration of the heavy metals in sea water, surface sediments and shellfishes were more obvious from Linhong river mouth to port area by external factors.