县域农业土地利用适宜性评价与优化研究以山西省原平市为例

目的 通过对原平市农业产业适宜性的定量评价，并结合土地利用的角度对原平市农业产业进行布局优化。方法 文章基于GIS空间分析和AHP方法，建立农业适宜性评价指标体系，刻画原平市农业产业适宜性指数的空间分布格局，得出适宜性分级图，进一步叠加原平市土地利用数据，进行农业优化布局分析。结果 原平市农业适宜性水平整体较低，只有14.82%的区域适宜和非常适宜农业生产，集中分布于中部平原地区；53.21%的地区基本适宜农业生产，主要分布于东部丘陵和西部山区；31.97%的地区不适宜农业发展，主要分布于西部山区；同时，在不适宜农业生产的地区中约有15.3%的土地被开垦为耕地，限制了该市整体农业生产效率的提高。结论 与传统的土地适应性相比，该研究嵌入了社会经济因子和管理水平的影响分析，使得研究结果更贴合实际。如何进一步挖掘更全面表征气候、生态、社会经济等影响因素，构建更加全面的适宜性评价指标体系，制定区域有别、因地而异的评价体系标准，是加强农业土地适宜性评价科学性和准确性的有利保障。

RESEARCH ON SUITABILITY EVALUATION AND OPTIMIZATION OF AGRICULTURAL LAND USE IN COUNTY REGIONA CASE STUDY OF YUANPING CITY, SHANXI PROVINCE

Through the quantitative evaluation of the suitability of agricultural industry in Yuanping city, Shanxi province, and combining with the perspective of land use, the layout of agricultural industry in Yuanping city is optimized. Based on GIS spatial analysis and AHP method, the agricultural suitability evaluation index system was established, the spatial distribution pattern of agricultural suitability index in Yuanping city was described, the suitability classification map was obtained, and the land use data of Yuanping city was superimposed to analyze the agricultural optimal layout. The results were showed as follows. The suitability level of agriculture in Yuanping city was low, only 14.82% of the areas were suitable or very suitable for agricultural production, which were concentrated in the central plain area. 53.21% of the area was basically suitable for agricultural production, mainly distributed in the eastern hills and western mountains; 31.97% of the areas were not suitable for agricultural development, mainly distributed in the western mountainous areas; about 15.3% of the land unsuitable for agricultural production had been reclaimed for arable land, which limited the improvement of the city''s overall agricultural production efficiency. In summary, compared with the traditional land adaptation, this study embeds the impact analysis of social and economic factors and management level, making the research results more consistent with the reality. How to further explore more comprehensive representation of climate, ecology, social economy and other influencing factors, build a more comprehensive suitability evaluation index system, formulate regional and location-specific evaluation system standards, is to strengthen the scientific and accurate agricultural land suitability evaluation of the favorable guarantee.