比较优势演化、全球价值链分工与中国产业升级

随着全球分工体系的深化与国际贸易形式的演进，国际生产与贸易的格局正经历着深刻的调整，全球价值链成为了当今国际分工的主要发生形式，对各国的价值创造体系持续进行着重构与深化，产业结构也随之发生巨大的变化。自改革开放以来，中国通过参与全球价值链分工使得中国经济迅速发展，但产业结构仍停留在价值链的分工中低端，而要实现经济可持续发展，就必须首先实现产业结构的升级。本文从比较优势的演化入手，讨论了比较优势如何演化以及全球价值链分工与中国产业升级三者的联动关系，分析了中国产业的三大基本特征，认为中国产业升级必须走比较优势非线性演化与线性演化并重之路，促进生产要素的高级化、推进产业模块化、实施产业集群，枸建区域联动的国内价值链体系。

Evolution of Comparative Advantage,the Global Value Chain Division and Industrial Upgrading in China

With the deepening of the global division of labor and the evolution of forms of international trade, international production and trade patterns are undergoing profound adjustments, Nowadays global value chain becomes the major form of the international division of labor, reconstructing and deepening on creation system of national values, the industrial structure also will dramatically change. Since the reform and opening up, China has made participation in the global value chain and China＇s economic development is very fast, but the structure of.the division of labor still remains in low-end value chain, and to achieve sustainable economic development, China must first upgrade the industrial structure. This paper starting from the evolution of comparative advantage, discusses the relationships among the evolution of comparative advantage and division of global value chains and industrial upgrading in China＇s linkage, analyzes the three basic characteristics of China＇s industry and believes that China must follow the road of nonlinear evolution and linear evolution in the comparative advantage of industrial upgrading, emphasis on the promotion of production factors＂ upgrading, industrial modularization and the implementation of industrial clusters to build regional linkage of the domestic value chain system.