美国新移民法案人才政策及其对我国的潜在影响

2013年4月,美国参议院‘八人党"正式向国会提交《2013年边境安全、经济机遇及移民现代化法案》。目前该法案已在参议院获得通过,进入众议院审议阶段。该法案重点制定了一系列吸引高技术移民和创业人才的措施,内容涉及:取消对美急需人才移民签证的配额限制,增加高级人才在移民签证中的比例,设立创业移民签证,实施绩效评分的移民签证制度,大幅提高专业技能工作签证配额等。新法案一旦获得通过实施,会对美国带来积极影响,但对我国发展会造成潜在的负面影响,因此,我们应积极跟踪发达国家的人才政策,学习其先进经验和做法。

Analysis of Talent Policy in US New Immigration Act and Its Potential Impact to China

In April 2013, Gang of Eight in US Senate submitted the Congress a new immigration act called Border Security, Economic Opportunity and Immigration Modernization Act of 2013, which had been approved by the Senate and is being reviewed by the House. A series of provisions regarding high-skilled talents and startup entrepreneurs’ recruitment were highlighted in the new act, such as, call off the US’s immigration quota limitation on much-needed talents, increase the proportion of high-level talents in the total immigrant visa, set a new immigrant visa for entrepreneurs, implement the immigration reform based on performance scores, greatly boost the visa quota on specialized skills. This article mainly studied these provisions as well as their positive inlfuence to US, analyzed the potential impact of the act to China and proposed several suggestions.