创业者特质、资源拼凑与新创林业企业绩效

利用结构方程模型,根据121个新创林业企业调查所得数据,分析模糊忍受度、内部控制源、成就需要以及风险倾向这4个创业者特质对新创林业企业绩效的直接影响和间接影响。结果显示:受调查的新创林业企业在绩效方面还存在较大进步空间,新创林业企业的资源拼凑能力与实践较为有限;创业者的模糊忍受度特质和内部控制源特质对新创林业企业绩效具有显著的正向影响,并且模糊忍受度特质和内部控制源特质能通过资源拼凑对新创林业企业绩效产生间接的正向影响;创业者的成就需要特质仅能以资源拼凑为中介对新创林业企业绩效产生间接的正向影响;创业者的风险倾向特质对新创林业企业绩效未呈现出显著的影响。因此,创业者应重视创业者特质对新创林业企业绩效的影响,并强化使用资源拼凑策略能力;政府应帮助创业者提升资源拼凑能力,并引导具有创业者特质的创业者投入到林业创新创业中,提高新创林业企业的存活率和绩效。

Characteristics of Entrepreneurs,Resource Bricolage and New Forestry Enterprises

⑴ Background——There are few studies about how characteristics of entrepreneurs work on the new forestry enterprises' performance and survival.Therefore,this paper will examine the direct impact of the characteristics of entrepreneurs on the performance of new forestry enterprises and the indirect impact related to the bricolage affected by the characteristics of entrepreneurial.⑵ Methods——By using Likert 5-point scale method,the data of 121 newly established forestry enterprises.The structural equation model was used to present how the characteristics of entrepreneurs directly and indirectly effect on the performance of newly established forestry enterprises.⑶ Results——Firstly,there is a large space for improvement in the performance of the newly established forestry enterprises surveyed.The average scores of the eight survey items are less than 3,which fail to meet the standard based on the 5-point Likert scale method.Secondly,despite the scores of the survey items related to the source of internal control,the need of achievement and the resource bricolage meet the standard,there is still a room for improvement.Thirdly,from the perspective of resource bricolage,the value assigned by entrepreneurs to the nine measurement items of resource bricolage exceeds the"average"level,but new enterprises still need to enhance their resource patching practice or ability.Fourth,among the characteristics of entrepreneurs,tolerance of ambiguity,source of internal control and resource bricolage exert a significantly direct and positive impact on the performance of new forestry enterprises,with the influence coefficient of 0.086,0.233 and 0.607 respectively.In addition,tolerance of ambiguity,sources of internal control and the needs of achievement can have an indirect positive impact on the performance of innovative forestry enterprises through the impact of resource bricolage,and the indirect influence coefficients are 0.140,0.217 and 0.296 respectively.Finally,the risk propensity has no significant direct and indirect impact on the performance of newly established forestry enterprises,because too much risk-taking can cause incalculable and devastating losses.Generally speaking,the characteristics of entrepreneurs have a significant positive impact on the performance of new forestry enterprises,and resource bricolage plays an important intermediary effect between the characteristics of entrepreneurs and the performance of new forestry enterprises.⑷ Conclusions and Discussions——Above findings indicate that it is very important to select entrepreneurs with characteristics of entrepreneurs,which will directly affect the entrepreneurial performance of new forestry enterprises.Accordingly,three suggestions are proposed as follows:First,at the individual level,it should pay attention to the influence of characteristics of entrepreneurs on the performance of the new forestry enterprises.Those who are planned to start a venture need to compare their personal characteristics with those of entrepreneurial before taking it into implementation,whether they have tolerance of ambiguity,source of internal control,medium risk-taking tendency and the need for achievement,so as to better guarantee the success of entrepreneurial actions and achieve better business performance.Second,at the level of entrepreneurs,they need to use the strategies of resource bricolage rationally.Through the rational use of resource bricolage,actively looking for low-cost or even free resources and striving to achieve the effective integration of existing resources inside and outside the school,it is of positive significance to improve the performance of new forestry enterprises and enhance the competitiveness of enterprises.Third,at the government level,the school education system to enhance the characteristics of entrepreneurs should be improved.Besides,the cultivation of innovative and entrepreneurial characteristics should be included in the syllabus and training programs of this discipline.