日本和韩国长期护理保险发展的比较研究及中国的选择

随着全球范围内老龄化速度的加快发展,老龄化社会中老年人的护理需求问题开始凸显。为应对老年长期护理费用的筹资问题,部分国家率先建立了长期护理保险制度。通过对日本和韩国建立长期护理保险的制度背景、筹资责任、给付方式、政策效果、发展趋势的比较研究,围绕学界存在的主要争论,对比目前中国建立长期护理保险制度的主要条件,提出长期护理保险制度不应该是首选,而需要率先在中国建立起以"失能老人补贴+护理服务"制度为主的长期护理制度。

A Comparative Study on the Development of Long-term Care Insurance in Japan and Korea and the Choice in China

With the rapid development of global aging,the problem of the elderly care needs in the aging society began to highlight. In order to deal with the financing of long-term care costs,some countries took the lead in establishing a long-term care insurance system. Based on the comparative analysis of institutional background,financing responsibility,payment method,policy effect and development trend of long-term care insurance in Japan and Korea,this paper focuses on the main controversy of the long-term care insurance system in China. According to the main conditions of establishing long-term care insurance system in China,long-term care system should first establish the " disabled elderly allowance + care services" system rather than establish the long-term care insurance system at first in China.