试析中国铁路行业竞争机制的引入

中国的铁路行业长期实行的是政府直接投资、垄断经营的规制体制,但是由于规制体制的不健全以及规制机构和被规制企业之间的信息不对称,使得该行业存在着社会福利损失、政府规制失灵等问题。在技术进步、需求增长、管理成本上升、替代性竞争存在的情况下,铁路行业引入竞争机制成为可能。区分自然垄断业务和非自然垄断业务,实现＂网运分离＂则是中国铁路行业引入竞争机制的必由之路。

Analysis on the Introduction of the Competition Mechanism to the China's Railway Industry

In the long run,China's railway industry carries out the regulation system which the government invested directly and managed monopoly.But the imperfect regulation system and the information asymmetry led to the losses of social welfare and the ineffective government regulation in this railway industry.In conditions existing the technology progress,demand increasement,management cost rising and the competition substitution,it is impossible of the railway industry inducing the compelition mechanism.Distingui...