我国三峡库区移民家庭收入的微观影响因素

利用重庆市云阳县移民的调查数据,按移民类型和受教育程度对移民家庭收入进行统计分析。然后,按移民类型、受教育程度、年龄段进行分组,对影响移民家庭收入的微观因素进行回归估计。结果显示:移民家庭的经营土地对其家庭收入的贡献不大;劳动力对家庭收入的贡献最大;从年龄结构的角度看,31～45岁、46～60岁年龄段的劳动力对家庭收入的贡献最大;当劳动力的人均受教育年限达到大专水平时,家庭收入会随着劳动力文化水平的提高而增加;16～30岁年龄组中大专文化劳动力比例对家庭收入的贡献显著为正;31～45岁、46～60岁年龄组中初中文化劳动力比例对家庭收入的贡献显著为负;劳动力的非农业收入明显高于农业收入。最后提出:应鼓励移民从事非农业;鼓励青年和中年劳动力向工业和服务业发达的城市自愿流动;鼓励移民子女接受大专及以上教育;尽快健全城镇和农村移民的养老保险制度和最低生活保障制度。

Micro-Determinant of Income of Resettlement Household in Three-Gorges Reservior Area

Using the survey data of Yunyang county in Chongqin,this paper makes a statistics analysis on the distribution of household income of resettlement in three-gorges reservior area according to resettlement type and education level. Then it constructs a household income model to study the micro-determinant of household income through grounding statistical sample according to resettlement type, education level and age. The results show as follows ; the influence of cultivated land on household income is little, and the contribution of labor force to household income,especially that of labor force with 31-45 and 46-60 years old is the biggest; the household income increases with the enhancing of education level when education level reaches junior college or higher level;the contribution of proportion of labors with junior college and above to household income is significantly positive in the sample group of labor forces with 16-30 years old,and that of proportion of labors with junior secondary school education and below to household income is significantly negative in the sample group of labor forces with 31-45 and 46-60 years old;the non-farming income of labor is significantly higher than that of farming income. Finally, it suggests：labor forces should be encouraged to employ in the secondary and tertiary industries; the young labor forces with 16;30 years old should be encouraged to move from the three-gorges reservoir area to developed regions;children from resettlement household should be encouraged to acquire higher education; social security, especially rural pension insurance system and basic subsistence guarantee system should be promoted as soon as possible.