资源配置差异对城乡收入差距影响的实证研究

资源配置差异是导致我国城乡居民收入差距扩大的主要原因。文章首先从金融、物质、人力资本以及财政等资源的角度，实证分析了资源配置差异对我国城乡居民收入差距造成的影响。研究表明，城乡人均贷款比、城乡人均固定资本投入比、城乡人均受教育年限比以及城乡人均财政支出比的扩大都是引起我国城乡人均收入比扩大的格兰杰原因。其中，从对城乡收入比扩大的长期作用效果来看，城乡人均受教育年限比扩大影响最大，城乡人均固定资本投入比扩大影响次之，而城乡人均财政支出比与城乡人均贷款比扩大的影响分别排在第三位与第四位。最后，在实证研究的基础上，从资源配置角度提出了缩小我国城乡居民收入差距的相应对策。

An Empirical Study on the Effect of Different Resources Allocation to Income Gap Between Urban and Rural Areas

Resource allocation differences is the main cause of the income gap between urban and rural resi- dents in China. Firstly, the article from the perspective of financial, material, human capital and financial resources, etc, gives an empirical analysis on the effect of the income gap between urban and rural, resi- dents in China caused by resources allocation difference. Research shows that the Grainger reason of the per capita income ratio expanding between China＇s urban and rural is caused by the expanding of urban and rural per capita loan ratio, urban and rural per capita fixed capital investment ratio, urban and rural per ca- pita years of education ratio and urban and rural per capita fiscal expenditure ratio. Among them, from long-term effect of expanding to urban and rural income ratio, the influence of urban and rural per capita years of education ratio expanding is greatest, the influence of urban and rural per capita fixed capital in- vestment ratio expanding is second, while the influence of expanding of urban and rural per capita fiscal ex- penditure ratio and urban and rural per capita loan ratio are ranked third and fourth. Finally, based on the empirical results, from the perspective of resource allocation, it puts forward corresponding measures to reduce the income gap between urban and rural residents in China.