特色村镇与A级景区的空间关系及协同发展--以广西为例

广西特色村镇与A级景区作为两种互补的旅游资源,在同一区域存在共生关系,这种关系成为区域联动、共赢发展的重要模式。文章采用空间数量关系模型和空间质量关系模型,定量分析广西特色村镇与A级景区空间关系,得出两者在空间数量上关系显著,在空间质量上接近良好协调发展的结论,为两者协同发展的研究提供可行基础。并以交通通达度(道路交通情况和交通乘换点)、旅游经济发展要素点(酒店、餐饮、娱乐、购物)和参与主体(政府、企业、社区居民和非政府组织机构)为切入点,对广西特色村镇与A级景区协同发展关系进行研究。结果表明:(1)广西交通道路尤其是动车和高速路与两种旅游资源之间的协调性较低,A级旅游景区与最近交通乘换点距离优于特色村镇与最近交通乘换点距离,部分区域旅游经济发展要素点支撑不足,根据两者与交通通达度、旅游经济发展要素点的拟合情况,提出需要加大力度建设和优化桂西左江花山世界文化遗产地旅游资源群、桂西北东兰-巴马-凤山旅游资源群、桂东富川-恭城-灌阳旅游资源群和桂中金秀旅游资源群等旅游资源富集区的交通道路、交通乘换点、酒店和餐饮等基础建设。(2)根据分析广西特色村镇与A级景区实际发展状况,提出以政府引导、企业主导、社区居民参与和非政府组织机构协助与监督的特色村镇+A级景区旅游发展模式,为广西区域空间旅游发展战略的制定提供参考。

Spatial Relations and Coordinated Development of Characteristic Villages and A-level Scenic Spots in Guangxi

As two tourism resources, characteristic villages and towns and A-level scenic spots have a relationship of competition and cooperation in the same region. This relationship become an important pattern of regional linkage and win-win development. Using spatial quantity and spatial quality relation models, this paper quantitatively analyzes the spatial relations of Guangxi characteristic villages and Alevel scenic spots: the study found that a number of significant spatial relationships were closely related to well-coordinated quality development;the findings provide a feasible basis for coordinated development research. This study examined the coordinated development of Guangxi characteristic villages and A-level scenic spots using the following starting points: transport access(road traffic and transit points);development of tourism economy(hotels, catering, entertainment, and shopping);and actors(local government, enterprises, community residents, and non-governmental organizations). The following results were found.(1) Guangxi traffic road(especially for private vehicles and highway use)shows poor coordination with respect to two tourism factors: the distance between an A-class tourist attraction and the nearest traffic interchange being shorter than that between a characteristic village and the nearest traffic interchange;with some types of regional tourism economic develop4 ment, support is required. To improve traffic access and tourism development, this study proposes enhancing the infrastructure with respect to road traffic, transit stations, and hotels and catering;it also proposes improved cooperation and coordination among the following: the Western Guangxi Zuojiang Huashan World Cultural Heritage Tourism Resources Group;the Northwest Guangxi Donglan-Bama-Jinxiu Tourism Resources Group;the Fengshan Tourism Resources Group;the Fuchuan-Gongcheng-Guanyang Guangxi Tourism Resources Group;and the Guangxi Tourism Resources Enrichment Area.(2) Analysis of the characteristics of Guangxi Characteristic Villages and A-level scenic spots indicates that through government guidance, enterprise leadership, community participation, and assistance and supervision by non-government organizations, the coordinated tourism development model in Guangxi can serve as a valuable reference in the strategic development of regional tourism.