团队权力分布的概念、效用机制与未来方向

团队权力分布的效用机制是团队权力领域的研究热点之一，但相关研究结果却并不一致。部分研究认为团队权力分布对团队绩效有促进作用，而另一些研究则发现其会抑制团队绩效。通过梳理团队权力分布文献，明确了团队权力分布概念，即团队权力分布是指团队中有价值资源的分布情况。在分析团队权力分布主要测量方式的基础上，基于等级制度理论，从功能主义及功能障碍主义两种典型的研究视角，分析当前研究结果不一致的原因：一是研究者所持的理论基础存在差异，二是团队权力分布效用受到团队权力相关因素、团队任务因素及团队领导特征因素等边界条件的影响。最后指出了未来可从团队权力分布概念、研究方法多元化、研究设计整体化和引入更多情境因素等方面进行深入研究。

Power Disparity in Teams: Concepts,Mechanism and Future Direction

Power disparity has the potential to benefit and harm team outcomes. In this article, we review the growing body of work on power disparity in teams and use this review to develop an emergent theory of how power disparity impacts team outcomes. This paper is organized in the following sections. First, the concepts and measurement of power disparity are discussed. Second, we contrast the findings of this review from the functionalist perspective and conflict perspective with what is known about the effects of power disparity on team process. Third, we show that the relationship between power disparity and team outcomes is exacerbated by aspects of power related factors (i.e. power distance, power stability), team tasks (i.e., interdependence, complexity), and leadership characteristics (i.e., competence, legitimacy). Lastly, some suggestions for future research are provided to better understand why and when power disparity may affect team outcomes.