侵权行为的经济分析

经济分析法学是西方法学界和经济学界发展最快的领域之一,运用经济学的方法对法律问题加以阐释,效率与均衡被认定为法律制度的核心理念。特别是在侵权领域引入经济学理论,对侵权行为的责任承担、损害赔偿的事后研究转向了事先分析。因此,从预防成本与预防收益之间的关系对侵权行为的归责原则进行效率分析,并借助“亨德公式”对两种不同的损害赔偿进行经济界定,权衡由侵权行为引起的社会成本差异,当预防的成本小于预防的预期收益,侵权人的预防是必要的、有效率的。如未采取有效的预防措施,侵权人的行为就是无效的,就要受到法律的惩罚。

Economic Analysis on Pirecy

The Economics of law is a field developing very fast in the fields of the western law science and that of the western economics. It explains the legal problem with economics methods. They regard profit as starting point and result in legal system.Especially economic theory is brought forth in the field of piracy,assuming responsibility and damage compensation.It turns from later study event to beforehand analysis. Therefore,we need to make a efficiency analysis about the principle of determining liability in terms of the relationship between preventing costs and expecting benefits. The two different damage compensations are defined through "Hand formula",social costs differentiation intrigued by pirecy is weighed with economic methods. When preventing costs are less than anticipated benefits,the precaution of piracy is necessary and efficient. If the efficient precaution measure is not taken,the action of piracy is inefficient,and will be punished by the law.