基于自由家长制的国土空间用途管制改革探讨

研究目的:分析国土空间用途管制的理论基础和改革诉求,引入针对潜在主观心理的自由家长制政策助推思路,探讨新型国土空间用途管制制度的改革方向。研究方法:文献研究法,比较分析法。研究结果:当前国土空间用途管制存在着全域覆盖、刚性强化、弹性提升、协调统筹和配套完善5大改革诉求,针对自由家长制理论中心理账户、固有印象、损失厌恶、延后决定、架构误导和过于乐观等潜在主观心理特质,可以通过层级矩阵、环境塑造、损失放大、实时反馈、默认选项和机制补漏等影响路径,探讨优化国土空间用途管制的改革方向。研究结论:未来国土空间用途管制可以探讨借鉴自由家长制理论,通过构建层级用途管制、营造用途管制氛围、扩大奖励惩罚差异、提供实时用地监测、优化管制协议设计和配套完整实施机制进行优化改革,"助推"实现提升国土空间用途管制全域覆盖度、刚性合理度、弹性有效度、实施协调度和体系完善度的政策目标。

Reform Exploration on the Use Control of Territory Space: An Application of Libertarian Paternalism

Abstract: The purpose of this paper is to analyze theoretical foundation and reform demands of the use control of territory space by introducing the policy-nudging thought of libertarian paternalism aiming for subjective psychology, and explore the reform direction for the use control of territory space system in new era. The methods of literature review and comparative analysis are applied. The results show that the current use control of territory space calls for reforming demands like general coverage, strengthened rigidity, enhanced flexibility, integrated coordination and perfect supporting. We can make the optimized design of the reform direction of the use control of territory space by the means of hierarchy matrix, environmental building, loss amplification, real-time feedback, default options and mechanism supporting based on the subjective psychology traits in libertarian paternalism theory, such as mental account, inherent impression, loss aversion, decision postponing, architectural misleading and optimism. In conclusion, the use control of territory space in future can take libertarian paternalism theory as reference and make full implementation of reform through constructing hierarchy use control, creating appropriate atmosphere, expanding rewarding-punishment difference, providing real-time monitoring feedback, improving the design of control protocol and optimizing related mechanism in order to nudge the way to realize policy objectives including general coverage, rigid reasonability, flexible effectiveness, implementation coordination and mechanism perfection.