异质性企业贸易理论的起源与发展

本文旨在系统性地探究异质性企业贸易理论的起源与发展过程。首先对促使该理论诞生的实证挑战从企业的选择性出口、市场进入成本、资源再分配三个方面进行了综述；然后指出该理论发展的两条脉络和各自的理论基础，并在此基础上从平均生产率和贸易利得两个角度阐述了异质性企业贸易理论和新贸易理论之间的紧密联系，二者最大的差别便在于对边际生产成本的处理上，前者以边际成本的异质性替代企业的异质性，后者则忽略了企业之间的异质性。同时，针对国内学者的一些认识，本文也提出了自己的看法。

THE ORIGIN AND DEVELOPMENT OF THE THEORIES OF HETEROGENEOUS FIRMS AND TRADE

This paper aimed to systematically explore the origin and development of the theories of heterogeneous firms and tradeFirstly，it reviewed some empirical challenges which prompted the birth of the theories，including selective export，market entry cost and resource reallocationThen，this paper pointed out the two contexts of the development of the theories and the theoretical basis，and also pointed out the relationship between the theories of heterogeneous firms and trade and new trade theory from the perspective of average productivity and gains from tradeThe significant difference between the two theories was the processing methods of marginal cost