治理机制何时有助于联盟成功——基于不确定性视角的研究

基于交易成本理论和关系交换理论，采用比较研究法，探讨契约治理与关系治理对联盟成功的差异化影响并识别边界条件。运用410家联盟企业调研数据进行实证研究，结果表明关系治理比契约治理更有助于企业实现联盟成功，且这种影响效应随着联盟情境不同而发生改变。当联盟外部环境不确定性程度加深时，企业会更加依赖于关系治理而非契约治理实现联盟成功；当联盟伙伴行为不确定性程度加深时，企业选择契约治理比依赖关系治理更容易实现联盟成功。研究结论可为联盟企业在不同情境条件下选择恰当治理机制并实现联盟成功提供理论指导。

When do Governance Mechanisms Drive Alliance Success: The Perspectives of Uncertainty

Drawing on transaction cost theory and relational exchange perspective, this study adopts a comparative study approach to examine the different effects of contractual governance and relational governance on alliance success and the associated boundary conditions. Based on 410 Chinese alliance firms with two key informants, results show that relational governance has a greater positive effect on alliance success than contractual governance, and this relationship tends to change according to contingencies surrounding the alliance. Specifically, when environmental uncertainty becomes higher, firms will rely more on relational governance than on contractual governance to achieve alliance success. When partners' behavioral uncertainty becomes higher, firms will rely more on relational governance than on contractual governance to achieve alliance success. This paper provides theoretical guidance for alliance firms on how to choose appropriate governance mechanisms under different contexts.