智能制造企业专利生态运营能力形成机理研究

在专利生态化系统4.0时代与新一轮工业革命的历史交汇期，智能制造企业专利生态运营能力培育具有紧迫性。提出企业专利生态运营能力内涵和基本特征，运用扎根理论和开放性编码分析方法，对海尔集团开展探索性案例分析，探索智能制造企业专利生态运营能力的形成情境、形成载体和形成机制，获取专利生态运营能力形成的核心要素，开展理论升华，提出专利生态运营能力形成的理论模型与一般规律：研发生态圈与商业生态圈联动的创新孵化效应，形成生态位势；专利获取、专利运用与管理平台联动的生态能量流动，形成交互赋能；双元学习、双元整合与双元协同机制联动的创新耦合，形成能力集聚。结论可为智能制造企业专利生态运营能力培育及动态演化提供理论指导和实践启示。

FormationMechanism of Patent Ecological Operation Capability of Intelligent Manufacturing Enterprises

In the era of patent ecology system 4.0 and the new round of industrial revolution, it is urgent to cultivate the patent ecological operation ability of intelligent manufacturing enterprises. This paper puts forward the connotation and basic characteristics of enterprise patent ecological operation capability, and carries out exploratory case analysis on Haier Group by using the analysis method of grounded theory and open coding, explores the formation situation, carrier and formation mechanism of patent ecological operation ability of intelligent manufacturing enterprises, obtains the core elements of the formation of patent ecological operation ability, carries out theoretical sublimation, and puts forward suggestions The theoretical model and general rules of the formation of patent ecological operation capability are as follows: first, the innovation incubation effect of R & D ecosystem and business ecosystem linkage forms niche potential; second, the ecological energy flow of patent acquisition, patent application and management platform linkage forms interactive empowerment; third, innovation coupling of dual learning, dual integration and dual collaborative mechanism linkage forms capability set Get together. This study provides theoretical guidance and practical enlightenment for the cultivation of patent ecological operation ability and process management of intelligent manufacturing enterprises.