我国农业全要素能源效率及其收敛性研究

该文基于中国大陆30个省市区的面板数据,以农林牧渔业增加值为产出,以能源、资本、劳动、土地四要素为投入,构建DEA模型,比较分析了2002-2011年各个省份的农业全要素能源效率.结果表明:(1)我国农业全要素能源效率水平总体偏低,在其他投入不变的情况下,维持既定产出的节能潜力达到39％;(2)从总体趋势看,农业全要素能源效率呈现了波动上升的态势,农业经济发展方式正在由粗放型逐步向集约型转变;(3)从区域层面看,东部地区的平均农业全要素能源效率最高,中部地区的次之,西部地区最低,区域差距明显.在此基础上,对农业全要素能源效率收敛性进行了研究,发现农业全要素能源效率较低地区的增长趋势快于较高地区,农业能源效率整体上呈现向一个稳态收敛的发展趋势.最后,提出了制定差异化节能目标、推进农业节能减排科技进步以及提升西部地区能源效率的政策建议.

AGRICULTURAL TOTAL FACTOR ENERGY EFFICIENCY OF CHINA AND ITS CONVERGENCE

Based on the panel data of 30 provinces in Chinese mainland, this paper used agricultural added value as output index, energy consumption, capital, labor, land four factors as input indexes, built the DEA model to compare and analyze the agricultural total factor energy efficiency of each province from 2002 to 2011. The results showed that (1) the agricultural total factor energy efficiency level of our country was overall low. With the same level of investment, the saving potential maintaining the fixed output energy reached 39%; (2)from the overall trend, the agricultural energy efficiency appeared rising trend, the development of agricultural economy was gradually changing from extensive to intensive; (3)from the regional perspective, the average agricultural total factor energy efficiency level in eastern region was the highest, followed by the central region, the western region was the lowest, regional disparity was obvious. Furthermore, by analyzing the convergence of the agricultural total factor energy efficiency overall China, it found that the growth trend in lower area of agricultural total factor energy efficiency was faster than that in the higher area, there was a steady convergence trend in the whole country. Lastly, some policy suggestions that formulating different energy saving target, promoting energy-saving emission reduction technology progress in agriculture, improving energy efficiency in western regions were proposed.