刻板印象威胁研究述评

刻板印象不只是影响个体对他人的认识,反过来也对个体自身有影响。刻板印象威胁是近年来在刻板印象研究领域的重要发现,是刻板印象重要的作用之一,它是一种社会心理威胁,刻板印象威胁可能会产生严重的社会不公。改变对任务的描述、建立认同安全环境,可以解除个体验证消极刻板印象的风险,恢复在威胁情境下的表现;强调智力是可增长的,即强调努力和动机的重要性,能够消除刻板印象对个体的威胁。此外,对困难进行外因归纳、鼓励个体自我肯定、提供角色榜样等都能够消除刻板印象威胁的消极影响。

A Study Review of Stereotype Threat

Stereotyping do not only affect the cognition of an individual to others but also has an impact on the individual.A s one of the key functions of stereotyping,stereotype threat is an important discovery of researches on stereotyping in recent years.It is a social psychological threat,which might bring about severe social unfairness.Changing the describing ways of tasks to build an identified safe environment will defuse the stereotyping risk of the individual and help resume performance in a threatening environment.To enhance the idea of a growing intelligence,namely stressing on the significance of effort and motivation,will eliminate the stereotype threat to the individual.Besides,concluding the external cause of difficulties,encouraging self-affirmation,and providing role models will all wipe off the passive influence of stereotype threat.