中国农村基础设施现状:皖省例证与政策选择

依据农村基础设施建设状况的背景,对安徽省水库移民地区进行实地调查。从长期看,农民纯收入与支援农村生产支出、各项农业事业费、农业基本建设支出、水利建设投资存在着显著的正相关关系。预测显示,未来五年随着支援农村生产支出、各项农业事业费、农业基本建设支出、支农总支出等投入的较大幅度增加,农民人均纯收入将呈现规模报酬递减趋势,但到2015年农民人均纯收入可到达万元以上。现阶段,我国农村基础设施建设投入规模仍然不足,结构矛盾较为突出。应通过建立稳定的农村基础设施建设投入增加的长效机制,调整基础设施建设在地区间和项目间优先序等措施来改善农村生产生活环境,提高农民收入。

Status and Policy Choice of Rural Infrastructure in China:Example from Anhui Province

Based on the current status of rural infrastructure,we made a field survey in reservoir immigrants regions of Anhui Province.The results show that in the long term,there is a significant positive correlation between the net income of farmers and the expenditure for supporting rural production,the operating expenses of agriculture,agriculture and infrastructure spending,investment in water conservancy construction.The estimate indicates that,with the expenditure for supporting rural production,the operating expenses of agriculture,agriculture and infrastructure spending,the total agriculture expenditure in a substantial increasing in the next five years,the per capita net income of farmers will be showing the trend of decreasing returns in scale,but by 2015 rural per capita net income will reach the million or more.At present,China’s rural infrastructure investment scale is still insufficient,and has a structural contradiction.Thus,we should establish a long-term stable increasing mechanism of rural infrastructure investment,adjust the priority order of the infrastructure construction in the inter-regional and inter-project.