FTA中TBT条款对中国全球价值链攀升的影响研究

基于2000—2014年中国签订的自由贸易协定（FTA）中技术性贸易壁垒（TBT）条款文本，使用自然语言文本处理法量化了中国各行业在FTA中TBT条款的合作水平，实证研究FTA中TBT条款对中国各行业全球价值链位置的影响。实证结果表明，FTA中TBT条款分别从降低贸易成本、促进技术创新、提高制度质量三个路径促进了中国各行业在全球价值链中的攀升。进一步分析发现，FTA中TBT条款对制造业和其他行业全球价值链攀升的促进作用明显，对中国服务业全球价值链攀升的影响不显著；相对于高技术制造业，低技术制造业的全球价值链攀升更容易受FTA中TBT条款的影响。中国政府应该更加积极地参与FTA中与贸易伙伴国的高水平TBT条款的谈判协商，充分发挥其对各行业全球价值链攀升的促进作用，同时重点关注对FTA中TBT条款敏感度较高的行业。

Research on the impact of TBT clauses in FTA on China's climbing up the global value chain

Based on the text of TBT clauses in FTA signed by China from 2000 to 2014, the cooperation level of technical barriers to trade (TBT) clauses in free trade agreement (FTA) is quantified by using natural language processing, and the impact of TBT clauses in FTA on the position of the global value chain (GVC) of each industry in China is empirically studied. The empirical results show that TBT clauses in FTA have promoted the global value chain position for various industries in China through three approaches,which are trade costs reducing, technological innovation promoting, and institutional quality improving. Further analysis finds that the impacts of TBT clauses in FTA on the global value chain of China''s manufacturing and other industries are significant and positive, while the promotion effect on service industry is non-significant. Compared to high-tech manufacturing, the influence of TBT clauses in FTA on the enhancing of the global value chain position of low-tech manufacturing is significant and positive.The Chinese government should participate more actively in the negotiation and consultation of high-level TBT clauses in FTA with its trading partners, and paly an important role in promoting the global value chain position of different industries , and focus on low-tech manufacturing.