中国区域污染治理成本的差异性与影响因素研究

要实现经济与环境协调发展,必须使各省市能够对本地区的环境污染治理成本进行核算,衡量经济生产活动和环境污染治理.但目前由于自然资源要素界定不统一、实物量数据收集不全面等问题,缺乏全国性的环境治理成本分析.选择中国30个省、市大气环境污染等数据,采取环境治理成本法核算各地区污染治理成本并分析其差异性,以其中差异最为显著的NO x为例,对影响其单位治理成本的因素进行研究.结果发现,能源强度、第二产业比重、对外开放程度与NO x的单位治理成本呈正相关,清洁能源的利用程度呈负相关.NO x单位治理成本与其排放强度呈现显著的"U"形关系.因此,在进行环境污染治理措施时,不能一味地消除污染、减少排放,而是要根据实际情况,衡量污染治理带来的负担,调整能源强度、能源消费结构、对外开放程度等因素,降低污染物单位治理成本,减少污染治理成本,实现经济可持续发展.

Study on the Differences and Influencing Factors of Regional Pollution Control Costs in China

In order to realize the coordinated development of economy and environment , it is necessary to calculate the cost of environmental pollution control and measure the economic production activities and environmental pollution control. However, due to the problems such as the inconsistent definition of natural resource elements and incomplete collection of physical data, there is a lack of national environmental governance cost analysis. Based on the data of air pollution in 30 provinces and cities in China, the cost method of environmental treatment is adopted to calculate the cost of pollution control in different regions and analyze the differences. Taking the most significant difference NOx as an example, the factors influencing the unit cost of pollution control are analyzed. The results show that the energy intensity, the proportion of the secondary industry and the degree of opening up are positively correlated with NOx unit governance cost, while the utilization of clean energy is negatively correlated. There is a significant "U" type relationship between NOx unit governance cost and emission intensity. Therefore, in the process of environmental pollution control measures, we can not blindly eliminate pollution and reduce emissions, but we should measure the burden of pollution control according to our own actual situation, adjust the energy intensity, energy consumption structure, degree of opening up and other factors, reduce the cost of single pollution treatment, reduce the cost of pollution control, and achieve sustainable economic development.