地区专业化的度量

在封闭经济假设和地区间需求结构一致假设下,本文构造了地区专业化的度量指标——地区专业化系数;这一度量指标更具一般性,产业结构差异系数、空间分布差异系数、绝对利差及行业分工指数等指标只是作为它的特例而存在。在讨论地区专业化问题时,如果忽略地区的(或行业的)相对规模因素,除了犯有逻辑推理错误外,在实践中还存在着可能得出错误判断的倾向。本文发现:中国工业的地区专业化水平自20世纪80年代中后期以来有了较大程度的提高;如果忽略地区的(或行业的)相对规模因素来讨论中国工业的地区专业化问题,则会高估中国工业的地区专业化水平。

The Measurement of Regional Specialization

Under suppositions of sealed economy and the same demand structures between areas, we constitute the regional specialization coefficient, an index to measure regional specialization. It is a more generalized index as industrial structure variance coefficient, spatial distribution variance coefficient, absolute deviation and Krugman's index are all its special forms. When discussing regional specialization, we cannot ignore the relative area scale factor (or the relative industry scale factor) or we might draw mistaken judgment, not to say errors in logical reasoning. We find that the level of regional specialization in China's industry ascends much since mid-late 1980s. And we also find that if we neglect the relative area scale factor (or the relative industry scale factor), we would overestimate regional specialization level in China's industry.