分权、区域竞争与倒U形分权效应曲线研究

财政分权能够促进区域经济增长吗?分权能够一视同仁地促进不同地区相同程度的经济增长吗?文章通过构建区域间追赶模型指出:(1)财政分权在带来区域竞争激励并促进增长的同时,也导致了地方政府行为的异化,从而使得分权的增长效应呈现"倒U形"曲线状.曲线背后的逻辑在于"政治锦标赛"下的竞争压力对不同发展阶段的地区并不一样,不同压力来源可能诱发出地方政府的不同努力水平.(2)利用全国县级面板数据,通过构造四类财政分权指标,证实了分权促进区域内经济增长且依据收入水平的变化呈现倒U形曲线的基本推论.

Research on Fiscal Decentralization, Regional Competition and Inversed-U Effect Curve

Could fiscal decentralization promote economic growth? Could decentralization which ignore regional differences,promote regional economic development at the same level? By building up a regional chasing-up model,this paper indicates that combined with rank-order tournament which use GDP growth as the main assessment index,fiscal decentralization leads to competition pressure as well as dissimilation of local government actions.And consequently,growth effect of decentralization is showed as an inversed-U curve.The inversed-U curve states that competition due to decentralization causes different pressure to different regions,and different pressure sources may induce different implementing levels by local governments.With the national county-level panel data and four types of fiscal decentralization indicators,the above deduction has been proved.