西安市都市农业高质量发展评价及对策研究

目的 通过构建都市农业高质量发展评价指标体系，具体测算西安市都市农业所处的发展阶段，对加快推动西安市农业高质量发展提供政策建议。方法 文章基于农业高质量发展的内涵和特征，选取经济、社会、生态、创新能力水平、开放程度水平5个一级指标和24个二级指标，构建了一套反映都市农业高质量发展的评价指标体系。运用变异系数法确定指标权重，并以西安为例，进行都市农业高质量发展综合指数计算，测算西安都市农业所处的发展阶段。结果 经过11年的发展，西安市都市农业发展水平综合指数从2009年的0.291增长到2020年的0.645，增长121.65%，年均增长8.01%。其中：都市农业的经济性指标增长181.41%，年均增长10.20%。社会性指标增长34.92%，年均增长2.79%。生态性指标增长51.23%，年均增长4.32%。创新能力水平增长-23.58%，年均增长-1.96%。开放程度水平增长155.80%，年均增长113.08%。经济性指标增长最快，反映出西安都市农业发展的质量。创新能力水平增长最慢，反映出西安都市农业发展有待提升。结论 西安市都市农业已进入日新月异的发展阶段，政府要加大对产业现代化发展的投资力度，进一步加大人才引进力度，注重农业新技术的研发和应用，同时，要继续坚守生态红线，充分挖掘西安都市农业的生态效益，实现生态生产生活“三生”共赢的现代化西安都市农业。

EVALUATION AND COUNTERMEASURES OF HIGH-QUALITY DEVELOPMENT OF URBAN AGRICULTURE IN XI'AN

This research aims to evaluate the development stage of urban agriculture in Xi''an, and provide policy recommendations for accelerating its high-quality development by constructing an evaluation index system of high-quality development of urban agriculture. Based on the connotation and characteristics of high-quality agricultural development, 5 primary indicators and 24 secondary indicators of economy, society, ecology, innovation ability and openness were selected to construct an evaluation index system reflecting the high-quality development of urban agriculture. The coefficient of variation was used to determine the index weight for calculating the comprehensive index of high-quality development of urban agriculture, which was then used for evaluating the development stage of urban agriculture, with Xi''an as a case study. The results were listed as follows. After 11 years of development, the comprehensive index of urban agricultural development level in Xi''an increased from 0.291 in 2009 to 0.645 in 2020, with an overall increase of 121.65% and an average annual increase of 8.01%. Among them, the economic indicators of urban agriculture increased by 181.41%, with an average annual growth of 10.20%. Social indicators increased by 34.92%, with an average annual growth of 2.79%. Ecological indicators increased by 51.23%, with an average annual growth of 4.32%. The level of innovation ability increased by -23.58%, with an average annual growth of -1.96%. The level of openness increased by 155.80%, with an average annual growth of 113.08%. The economic indicators grew fastest, reflecting the quality of urban agricultural development in Xi''an. The growth of innovation ability was negative, indicating that the urban agricultural development in Xi''an still needed to be improved. In summary, urban agriculture in Xi''an has entered a stage of rapid development. The government in Xi''an should increase investment in the modernization of urban agriculture, pay attention to the research, development, and application of new agricultural technologies, and further strengthen the introduction of talents. At the same time, the government should continue to adhere to the ecological conservation red line, fully tap into the ecological benefits of urban agriculture, and realize modern urban agriculture in Xi''an with win-win-win for ecology, production, and life.