中国工业部门的能源效率与减排潜力分析

基于全要素能源效率框架,本文通过引入方向性距离函数和数据包络分析,测算了中国工业部门2000-2009年的能源效率和CO2减排潜力。实证结果表明,以既定最优生产前沿为参考,中国工业部门的总体能源效率偏低,减排潜力较大;各行业能源效率与减排潜力存在较大差异;不同行业能源效率与减排潜力呈现差异性动态变化。本文认为政府可以通过实施差异性碳税政策、灵活利用碳市场机制、强化节能技术研发和促进可再生能源利用以及加强企业环境执法监管等举措来推动中国工业部门提高能源效率及减少CO2排放。

Analysis of Energy Efficiency and Emissions Reduction Potential in China＇s Industrial Sector

Based on the total-factor energy efficiency framework,this paper calculates China＇s industrial energy efficiency and CO2 emissions reduction potential from 2000 to 2009 by utilizing the directional distance function and data envelopment analysis.The empirical results show that：（1） China＇s industrial integral energy efficiency is relatively lower while the emissions reduction potential is relatively greater,given the optimum production frontier;（2） significant industrial disparities of energy efficiency and emissions reduction potential exist;（3） the energy efficiency and emissions reduction potential show significantly different industrial dynamic variation tendencies.This paper suggests Chinese government impose differential carbon tax,flexibly utilize carbon market mechanism,strengthen energy-saving technical RD and promote the utilization of renewable energy;and strengthen environmental supervision and regulation on enterprises,so as to improve China＇s industrial energy efficiency and reduce CO2 emissions.