开放式创新视阈下创新生态系统核心企业价值网络演进路径研究

作为创新生态系统的领导者，明晰核心企业在开放式创新情境下的价值网络演进路径，对系统内各主体企业获取互补性资源，进而促进系统整体创新能力提升意义重大，但现有相关文献鲜见。基于扎根理论，运用多案例研究方法，选取4家样本企业进行分析，聚焦知识、资源和技术等创新要素，探究核心企业在开放式创新模式下的价值网络演进路径并构建相关模型。结果发现，创新生态系统核心企业在构建“线—面—体”价值网络过程中，一般采取资源简构、资源拼凑和资源整合等模式获取所需资源，并通过能力强化、能力重构和能力拓展等方式增强其巩固知识、资源及技术的能力。结论不仅丰富了特定背景下价值网络理论和开放式创新理论，而且可为创新生态系统核心企业通过优化创新路径实现高效创新提供科学的决策参考依据。

The Value Network Evolution Path of the Core Enterprises ofthe Innovation Ecosystem from the Perspective of Open Innovation

The typical characteristics of the innovation 3.0 era are the blurring of enterprise boundaries, and the increasing interactivity, openness and networking between enterprises. As a result, more and more companies are committed to building an open innovation ecosystem to continuously improve their innovation capabilities. Among them, as the leaders of the innovation ecosystem, most of the core enterprises achieve dynamic optimization of the system through the construction of value networks, promote the two-way flow of innovation elements through the evolution path of value networks, and continuously improve the overall competitiveness of the innovation ecosystem.#br#The existing literature on the evolution path of value network mostly focus on the level of user value enhancement and product technology innovation, and there is less exploration of the dynamic evolution path of the value network of the core enterprises of the innovation ecosystem under a specific background, which makes it difficult to understand how the core enterprises in the system continuously improve the innovation ability of the system through the value network evolution mechanism, and brings confusion to the scientific decision-making of enterprises.#br#In view of this, this paper takes four core innovation ecosystem enterprises including Haier, Alibaba, Huawei and Zheng Coal Machinery as the research objects to explore the dynamic evolution process and innovation breakthrough point of value networks under the perspective of open innovation. With the help of open innovation theory and value network evolution theory, this paper focuses on the co-evolution process of innovation elements such as knowledge, resources and technology, and explores the evolution path of the core enterprise value network of the innovation ecosystem from the perspective of open innovation on the basis of coding the case data of the four sample core enterprises. A case study on the evolution of core enterprise value networks of innovation ecosystems is conducted from the perspective of open innovation. Firstly, the key events of the sample core enterprises are sorted out from the perspective of open innovation, and the evolution process of the innovation ecosystem in which they are located is divided into stages. Secondly, with the core enterprise value network as the theme, the coding program of "open coding-spindle coding-selective coding" is used to analyze the logical relationship between the relevant elements of the sample core enterprise value network, which provides a reference case for the construction of the evolution path model of the core enterprise value network.The study further interprets the evolution path model of the core enterprise value network of the innovation ecosystem from the perspective of open innovation. On the basis of the analysis logic of "driving factor-behavioral strategy-forming result", open innovation theory, innovation ecosystem and value network related research are first taken as the theoretical basis. Then from the perspective of the evolution of knowledge, resources and technology, the evolution path of the core enterprise value network at different stages of the innovation ecosystem under the perspective of open innovation is analyzed.#br#The results show that from the perspective of open innovation, most of the innovation ecosystems go through the initial establishment period, expansion period and strengthening period, and the type of open innovation shows a "inward-coupled-outward-oriented" change. Correspondingly, the value network of the system at different stages evolves dynamically according to the "linear-platform-three-dimensional" path, in which the core enterprises generally consolidate knowledge through capability strengthening, capability reconstruction and capability expansion, and they continuously obtain high-quality resources through resource simplification, resource patchwork and resource integration, and keep improving the ability to stabilize knowledge, resources and technology by adopting models such as technology imitation, technology protection and technological change.#br#This paper not only broadens the research scope of innovation ecosystem and value network theory in a specific context, but also provides a scientific decision-making reference for core enterprises in the innovation ecosystem to continuously optimize the innovation path to maintain a dominant position.#br#