自然资源与经济增长:资源瓶颈及其解决途径

本文试图在新古典经济学框架内,解析古典经济学关于自然资源制约经济增长的传统,并揭示克服资源瓶颈的可能途径。文章首先扩展新古典索洛模型,证明在特定技术条件下,自然资源的固定禀赋最终将使经济增长停滞。然后分别探讨了解决资源瓶颈的两种机制。其一是产业转移,即开放条件下,厂商为摆脱本地资源瓶颈,通过向外地转移资本和劳动以利用该地的自然资源,从而带动了该后起地区的经济增长。其二是技术进步,即在封闭条件下,厂商将把一部分产出投入于研发活动,不断开发出自然资源增进型技术,从而推动本地区的又一波长期增长。

Natural Resource and Economic Growth:Resource Bottleneck and its Solution

This paper tries to recover the classical economics tradition of economic growth being restricted by natural resource in the frame of neo-classical economics,and analyses the possible way to overcome the resource bottleneck.Firstly,the paper gives a new model based on Solow model to prove that under a given technology condition,the economic growth can be stagnant at last because of the limited natural resource supply.Next,two kinds of mechanism to solve the resource bottleneck are explored.One is industrial transfer.Under open economic condition,once local enterprises feel the restrict of natural resource,they will utilize natural resources of other regions through shifting capital and labor to those places,thus giving impetus to the economic growth there.The other is technical progress.Under closed economic condition,local enterprises will put a part of output into R&D to continuously develop the technology of saving present resource or discovering new resource,thus pushing another long-term local economic growth.