新发展格局下的全国统一大市场建设

百年变局叠加世纪疫情,我国经济发展面临"需求收缩、供给冲击、预期转弱"三重压力,建设全国统一大市场是构建国内国际双循环新发展格局的基础支撑和内在要求。文章利用相对价格方差均值方法测度了全国商品市场、劳动力市场、资本市场的一体化程度,发现商品市场一体化程度在逐渐上升,但劳动力市场、资本市场并未呈同样上升趋势。地方竞争导致的地方保护和分割负面现象、要素市场流动管制行政色彩较重、基础设施缺乏互联互通、疫情冲击是造成我国现在市场分割的直接原因。强化市场在资源配置中起决定性作用,是建设全国统一大市场的政策内涵。当前,建设全国统一大市场要以供给侧结构性改革为主线,为市场提供统一的基础性制度供给,统筹好安全和发展、全国和地方、市场和政府之间的关系,充分发挥单一超大规模市场的优势,形成以国内大循环为主体、国内国际双循环相互促进的新发展格局。

National Unified Market Construction: From the Perspective of New Development Paradigm

After Economic Reform and Open-up,China has begun to make efforts to clarify the boundary between effective market and promising government, and tries to establish a standardized and unified market.Because unified market can make the inputs and outputs fully compete under the uniform rules,so as to achieve more effective resource allocation and higher economic growth.Especially after Chinese economy entering the New Normal stage, China has paid more attention to the construction of the national unified market.In November 2013, the third plenary session of the 18th Communist Party of China Central Committee make clear to establish a "unified, open-up and orderly competitive market system".In April 2022,China has released a guideline on accelerating the establishment of a unified domestic market from the overall and strategic perspective, China aims to promote the efficient circulation and expansion of the domestic market, foster a stable, fair, transparent, and predictable business environment, and reduce market transaction costs. This guideline will become the program of action of the national unified market establishment in the future. Right now, the world is caught between pandemic of the century and momentous changes never seen in the last one hundred years, Chinese economic is facing the triple pressure of "shrinking demand, supply shock and weakening expectation". The establishment of a unified domestic market become the basic support and internal requirement for the new development paradigm with domestic circulation being the mainstay and the two circulations reinforcing each other.This paper measures the integration of the national commodity market, labor market and capital market by the mean value of relative price variance.We find that the integration of commodity market is rising, but the integrations of labor market and capital market are not showing the same trend.Local protection and segmentation caused by local government competition, the household registration system, financial repression policy, segmentation of technology market, lack of connectivity of infrastructure, COVID-19 are the direct cause of market segmentation.Abolishing the double-track polices formed in the early reform process, strengthening the decisive role of the market in the allocation of resources, is the policy connotation of national unified market.Right now, national unified market construction should take supply side reform as the main line, create and lead demand with high-quality supply, bring our single super large-scale market into full play, to form the new development paradigm featuring dual circulation, in which domestic and overseas markets reinforce each other, with the domestic market as the mainstay.