成本视角的国家公园旅游生态补偿标准测度研究——以黄山国家公园创建区为例

旅游生态补偿标准的测度方法与模型构建是建立旅游生态补偿机制的难点。本文以黄山国家公园创建区为例,基于国家公园旅游生态产品和服务显性和隐性供给成本的视角,综合考虑管理者、经营者、守护者（社区居民）等旅游利益相关者的供给成本和利益诉求,以保障生态系统的完整性、周边社区生存发展权的公平性和行政管理的可行性为原则,划分核心区、毗邻区和辐射区三级旅游生态补偿空间范围,确立国家公园旅游生态补偿标准测度方法与模型,测算得出黄山国家公园旅游生态补偿标准的下限值为5.1亿元/年。研究以期为构建国家公园旅游生态补偿机制,协调国家公园保护与利用的人地关系矛盾,实现国家公园生态共建、利益共享和经济共赢的高质量发展路径提供理论指导。

Measurement of tourism ecological compensation standard in national parks from a cost perspective:A case study of Huangshan National Park construction area

The measurement method and model construction for tourism ecological compensation standard challenge the establishment of tourism ecological compensation mechanism. Taking Huangshan National Park as an example, based on the perspective of explicit and implicit supply costs of tourism ecological products and services in the national park, this paper comprehensively considers the supply costs and interest pursuits of tourism stakeholders such as managers, operators and guardian (community resident), divides the area into three-level tourism ecological compensation spatial scope, i.e., the core area, the adjacent area and the radiation area, with the principles of the ecosystem integrity, the fairness of survival right of local community development and the administrative feasibility, and establishes the measurement method and model for tourism ecological compensation standard of national parks. The measurement of the lower range value of tourism ecological compensation standard of Huangshan National Park is about 510 million yuan/year. This research provides theoretical guidance for constructing the tourism ecological compensation system of national parks, coordinating the-human land relationship between the protection and utilization of national parks in China, and realizing the high-quality development path of ecology co-construction, benefit sharing and win-win economic prosperity for national parks.