旅游型海岛游客与居民时空间行为研究——以辽宁省长海县为例

旅游型海岛承担着生活和旅游的双重功能，明晰游客与居民的时空间行为特征，对海岛空间优化、基础设施配置等具有现实意义。辽宁省长海县是典型淡旺季分明的旅游型海岛，本研究基于实地调研和空间分析方法，分类刻画游客与居民活动行为模式及其活动-移动时空特征。结果表明：（1）受旅游淡旺季影响，海岛年内活动群体空间集聚区域明显分异，形成了旺季围绕景点、浴场等场所，淡季围绕家、村镇中心等场所的游客与居民时空间行为模式；（2）游客和居民活动行为的时空特征明显，游客出行频次更多，行为空间范围更广，大长山岛镇中心和广鹿岛镇中心是游客前往景点和浴场的集散地之一，也是居民日常活动的集散地，是游客和岛民行为空间重叠区域，也是海岛共享度最高的空间。（3）游客时空间行为受行为目的、偏好和活动组合影响，居民时空间行为主要受社会角色、个体社会经济属性影响，群体时空间行为影响因素存在显著差异。本研究可针对旅游型海岛的基础设施空间优化配置、海岛社会空间效率提升、海岛国土空间规划等方面提供参考依据。

The study on spatio-temporal behavior of tourists and residents in the tourism island: A case of Changhai County,Liaoning

As a special region, the islands of Changhai County has excellent natural tourism resources and unique island culture, which is highly favored by tourists. As the tourism destination with residents, the island is not only the residence of the islanders, but also the destination of the tourists. It bears the dual functions of life and tourism. Clarifying the contents and ways of the activities of different people is the fundamental to optimize the island resources and maximize the function of island facilities. Based on the investigation and related theoretical knowledge, this paper classifies the activities of tourists and islanders, dividing tourists into three patterns: sightseeing tourism, beachcombing tourism and swimming tourism; dividing residents into three types: employment oriented residents, leisure oriented residents and family oriented residents. The kernel density estimation is used to show the activity density and spatial scope of islanders and tourists. We take the tourism patterns and residents patterns as dependent variables, through multivariate logistic regression. The results show that: Firstly, for tourist behavior patterns, age has a significant impact on swimming tourism, and tourists less than 30 years old are more likely to belong to this type; tourism companionship has a significant impact on sightseeing tourism and swimming tourism. Tourists traveling with parents are more likely to belong to the sightseeing tourism pattern. The tourism purpose and informatization background mainly have a significant impact on the sightseeing tourism pattern, tourists who use mobile phone navigation during the trip are more likely to belong to this mode. Personal preference mainly affects beachcombing tourism pattern, especially those who are keen on the traditional lifestyle of the island are more likely to belong to this type. Secondly, for residents' behavior patterns, age and travel mode have significant influence on employment oriented residents; income and employment status have significant influence on leisure oriented residents; family oriented residents are mainly affected by family members, the elderly, children and other family care pressure. This study attempts to provide reference for alleviating the spatial behavior conflict of tourism, optimizing infrastructure construction, and improving social spatial efficiency and land spatial planning.