极端气候变化背景下灾害移民的社会适应策略探析

在极端气候变化日渐加剧的背景下,极端气候事件频发,对人类生命财产安全的威胁日益加剧,人口迁移成为受灾民众适应性的行为选择。从政策、安置规划、社会资本3个层面对灾害移民的适应性策略进行了初步探析,认为要基于灾害移民需求,创新灾害移民政策;因地制宜,创新安置规划方式;借助产业结构调整、人力资本开发,加强社会资本建设,以增强灾害移民面对极端气候事件的适应性,最大限度减轻极端气候变化的灾害影响。

Social adaptation strategy of disaster-forced migration under extreme climate change

Under the increasing extreme climate change, the extreme climate events are frequent and have a threat to human life and property security. As a result, the migration has become an adaptive behavior choice. The adaptive strategy for the disaster-forced migration is discussed from the three aspects of policy, resettlement and social capital. The following measures are suggested: (1)The policies for the disaster-forced migration should be made on their demand. (2)The resettlement way should be innovated according the specific situations. (3)Based on the adjustment of industrial structure and the development of human capital, the social capital should be strengthened. Accordingly, the adaptability of disaster-forced migration to the extreme climate change is enhanced, and the disaster impact will be greatly mitigated.