基于“羊群效应”对公地悲剧的修正研究

在现今社会集体中,资源短缺已经渐渐成为社会的热点话题,人们对公共资源的不合理利用导致了公地悲剧的不断上演。在资源量既定的条件下,集体规模与参与者努力水平在公地悲剧发生过程中存在直接的影响;"羊群效应"的存在则对公地悲剧的发生起到决定性作用。在资源消耗的基础上,对公地悲剧的演变阶段进行初步划分;并针对公地悲剧不同的演化阶段,采取"羊群效应"反方向激励予以修正,提出相应的政策建议。

A Correction Research on Tragedy of the Commons Based on the "Herd Behavior"

Nowadays, the shortage of resources has gradually become a hot topic in the society. That the unreasonable use of public resources led to the Tragedy of the Commons was repeated. Under the condition of resource is limited, there is direct impact of the collective scale and the level of the participants in the process of the Tragedy of the Commons generating. The existence of ＂herding effect＂ plays a decisive role in the Tragedy of the Commons. On the basis of resource consumption, the article divides the evolution phases of tragedy, and adopts the opposite incentive of ＂herding effect＂ to revise according the different stages of evolution of the Tragedy of the Commons. Thus, the article puts forward several corresponding policy recommendations.