城市公共服务设施空间分布分异调查——以广州市为例

社会经济体制综合转型以来,市场机制逐步取代行政命令成为我国城市公共服务设施配置的主体方式,其空间分布形态也由空间均衡趋向社会分异。以广州市为例,基于3954份有效问卷和城市公共服务设施专项调查数据,对城市公共服务设施的空间分布进行了社会生态学分析。研究结果表明,广州城市公共服务设施空间分布的社会分异特征显著,中心城区116个街镇单元可以划分为6个类型,不同阶层社会群体居住单元的公共服务设施配套及可达性存在显著差异;受旧城区社会经济持续繁荣及历史沉积效应影响,社区地位与城市公共服务设施供给及可达性之间呈非完全一致性,体现出类似西方国家城市公共资源配置过程中的"城市生态法则"的作用特征。

Spatial distribution and spatial differentiation surveys on urban public service facilities: taking Guangzhou City for example

The market mechanism has been the primary provision means of urban public service facilities instead of executive order in our country since the socio-economic mechanism comprehensive transformation,and its spatial distribution has been changed from spatial equilibrium to spatial differentiation for the reason of reform of the government and the reconstruction of the relationship between public and private sectors.This article explores the socio-ecological distribution of urban public service facilities with a case study of Guangzhou City based on 3954 legitimate survey questionnaires.The result show that the spatial distribution of urban public service facilities has a statistically significant features,such as that the residential space of different sectors of social group has the differentiated public service facilities package,and the 116 streets and towns can be divided into 6 types of communities.Affected by the continued prosperity of socio-economic development in old urban centers and the historical accumulation of urban public service facilities provision,the community socio-economic status is not consistent with the spatial distribution and accessibility of urban public service facilities,which is similar to the "urban ecological law" of urban public resources distribution in the cities in western country.