资产专用性、网络扩展和私人秩序

“公地悲剧”自哈丁提出以来 ,该名词成了揭示并批判公有产权的理论依据。可是 ,回眸现实 ,我们常听到网络、网络外部性 ,也常看到经济中的许多现象是公有产权 ,并且这些公有产权还在不断地扩展并呈繁荣之势。对此 ,理论上的解释是一个模糊的概念———网络外部性。本人对此提出自己的解释。通过自我实施的合约分析 ,我认为由于资产专用性的存在 ,个人进入网络投下不可收回的沉淀成本 ,由此构成可置信性承诺 ,通过私人秩序扩展了网络 ,实现了“公地繁荣”①。本文分为四部分 :第一部分提出观点 ;第二部分是私人秩序的博弈分析与论证 ,第三部分理论应用 ;最后归纳全文。

Asset Specificity,Network Expanding and Private Order

Since the words“Common tragedy” was created by Hardin (1968),they have been seen as the theoretic basis for criticizing public property.Looking into the reality,however,we often hear the words “network,network externality”,and also find lots of phenomena about public property,and the public properties are still expanding and becoming more and more prosperous.For this,the theoretic explanation is a blurring concept——network externality.I put forward my own explanation for it.According to analyzing the self\|enforcing agreements,I hold that because of the existence of asset specificity,a player put down irreversible,nonsavageable sunk cost,form a credible commitment and construct private order when he/she get into the network.The private order extends the network and realize “common prosperity”.The essay includes four parts:Part one I put forward my opinion; Part two explores the game\|theoretical analysis of privat order; Part three discusses the theoretical conforming; and the last part is the conclusion.