“互联网+”背景下制造企业智能化战略转型路径：多案例比较研究

“互联网+”背景下新一代信息技术与实体产业深度融合，智能化战略成为制造企业顺应科技革命和产业变革趋势，重塑竞争新优势的重要选择。以美国GE、德国Siemens、日本Toyota与中国Haier作为研究对象，应用复杂系统理论进行多案例分析，构建“资源要素—核心能力—系统创新”智能化战略转型综合模型，明确不同国家制造企业因资源、能力和系统差异而形成的不同模式，在转型出发点、落脚点以及目标、路径等方面存在的显著区别。结论不仅从微观动态层面为理解制造企业智能化战略转型提供了基本信息，也有利于从系统论角度构建制造企业智能化战略转型发展框架，对中国制造企业转型升级具有重要的实践指导意义。

Exploring the Intelligent Strategic Transformation Path of Manufacturing Enterprises under the Background of "Internet +"：A Multi-case Comparative Study

It is vital for manufacturing companies to choose proper intelligent strategy to adapt to the technological revolution and industrial transformation under the background of"Internet+", and it is also an inherent requirement for reshaping their long-term competitive advantage.#br# In order to crack the black box of intelligent strategic transformation of manufacturing enterprises under the "Internet+", this study selects top domestic and foreign manufacturing companies, including GE in the United States, Siemens in Germany, Toyota in Japan and Haier in China as the research objects.Through the comparative research methods of multiple cases, it analyzes the similarities and differences of the intelligent strategic transformation paths of manufacturing enterprises in different countries, and explains why these differences occur. The four case companies are all global manufacturing companies that have engaged in intelligent strategic transformation earlier, and the second-hand information is abundant and easy to obtain. This study collects data from internal data and external documents to ensure the reliability and authenticity of the data. At the same time, the application of complex system theory for multi-case analysis is in line with the characteristics of the intelligent strategic transformation of manufacturing enterprises under the background of"Internet+"that many complementary and independent elements are spontaneously promoting changes, and then from "resource elements-core capabilities-system innovation", this study analyzes and compares the intelligent strategic transformation process of manufacturing enterprises in the United States, Germany, Japan and China at three levels. It is found that the intelligent strategic transformation of manufacturing enterprises under the background of"Internet+"is a process of continuous adjustment, reconstruction, and innovation based on environmental changes, and finally tends to be mature and stable. Manufacturing companies in different countries have formed diversified smart strategic models due to differences in resources, capabilities, and systems. This study compares and analyzes four smart strategic transformation models for manufacturing companies：the GE model based on the National Manufacturing Innovation Network, the Siemens model based on"Industry 4.0", the Toyota model based on the industrial value chain, and the Haier model based on"Made in China 2025". #br#According to the analysis, it is found that the differentiation model stems from significant differences in the starting point, foothold, and goals of manufacturing enterprises' transformation. Relying on the leading position of the United States in the Internet industry, GE uses data integration equipment to continuously improve productivity and reduce industrial development costs. Siemens inherits Germany's advanced equipment manufacturing capabilities and focuses on industrial intelligence, aiming to improve production flexibility and maintain its status as a manufacturing power. Toyota follows the Japanese craftsman culture and the emphasis on talents, responding to population structure and social contradictions through"intelligence + lean manufacturing". As a manufacturing company in a developing country, Haier aims to keep up with the times and achieve co-evolution through symbiotic thinking and platform ecosystem building. Based on this, this study constructs a comprehensive model of intelligent strategic transformation of manufacturing enterprises under the"Internet+". From the perspective of core capabilities, the inherent differences in hardware, software and data of manufacturing companies in different countries will be further amplified by the "Internet +". However, while being in the environment, it will also make full use of the environment to make up for its inherent shortcomings through absorption and mergers, independent research and development or external cooperation; from the perspective of resource elements, in order to solve the problem of mismatch with the core competence of the organization, business managers will quickly change the traditional manufacturing thinking and actively change the organizational structure to adapt to the environment with focus on the introduction and training of professional talents; from the perspective of system innovation, manufacturing companies will build cloud platforms and interconnected factories through information integration, interconnection, and ecological effects, and finally form a smart manufacturing industry cluster. #br#Based on the theory of complex systems, this study analyzes the resources, capabilities, and overall system transformation process of the intelligent strategic transformation of manufacturing enterprises from the micro dynamic level, enriches the theoretical basis of"Internet+"driving the intelligent transformation of manufacturing enterprises, and makes up for the existing research on the blank of the logical relationship between"Internet+"and intelligent strategic transformation. It has deepened the thinking of intelligent transformation of manufacturing enterprises under"Internet+", and provided a reference for the transformation and upgrading of traditional Chinese enterprises.#br#