科技创业孵化生态环境协同效应及空间分布

区域科技创业孵化生态环境的健康性有赖于生态系统内部各子系统间的有机、高效协同发展。以我国27个省（自治区、直辖市）为研究单位，在构建科技创业孵化生态环境评价体系的基础上，采用熵权—TOPSIS—耦合协调度模型定量评价2013—2019年各省域科技创业孵化生态环境的动态协同效应，基于泰尔系数和变异系数法分析省际科技创业孵化生态环境协同水平，结合各省域协同水平进行类型划分并揭示其时空演变特征。研究结果表明，我国大多数省份科技创业孵化生态环境协同发展水平较低，仅有极少数省份实现良好协同；排名靠后省份与全国平均水平存在较大差距，反映出我国科技创业孵化生态环境存在较严重的区域失衡现象；区域科技创业孵化生态环境协同水平呈现出东—中—西—东北部的阶梯式下降特征，并具有一定的空间集聚效应。最后，提出相应政策建议。

Synergistic Effect and Spatial Distribution of Ecological Environment of Science and Technology Entrepreneurship Incubation in China

The level of coordinated development among various environmental subsystems within the science and technology entrepreneurship incubation ecosystem has a crucial impact on entrepreneurial activities. In China, the development of the eco-environment for science and technology entrepreneurship incubation presents obvious temporal and spatial heterogeneity due to great differences in the economic levels and entrepreneurial policy support of different provinces. Regional science and technology entrepreneurship incubation eco-environment depends on the organic and efficient coordinated development of each subsystem in the ecosystem, therefore it is necessary to study the coordinated development level of the science and technology entrepreneurship incubation eco-environment in different provinces so that we can grasp the synergy status and dynamic trends and explore the development differences of the science and technology entrepreneurship incubation eco-environment development in different provinces, and provide a quantitative basis for in-depth research on entrepreneurial behavior. This is of great significance for improving the theory of science and technology entrepreneurship incubation and promoting the development of regional science and technology entrepreneurship.#br#　　　Based on the panel data of 27 provinces in China from 2013 to 2019, this paper examines the dynamic synergistic effect of the development of the eco-environment for science and technology entrepreneurship incubation in different provinces and also conducts an in-depth discussion on the evolution of the spatial pattern. This study takes 27 provinces (cities, autonomous regions, and municipalities directly under the Central Government) in China as the research units, and employs the entropy weight—TOPSIS—coupling coordination degree model to quantitatively evaluate the dynamic synergistic effect of the ecological environment development of science and technology entrepreneurship incubation in different provinces from 2013 to 2019. Then, based on Theil coefficient and difference coefficient method, this paper analyzes the difference of coordination level of technological entrepreneurship incubation ecological environment development among provinces, divides the coordination level of each province into types, and reveals its spatio-temporal evolution characteristics. Finally, ArcGIS software is used to draw the spatial pattern distribution map of the collaborative development level of the eco-environment of science and technology entrepreneurship incubation in China.#br#　　　The results show that most provinces in China have a low level of collaborative development of science and technology entrepreneurship incubation ecological environment, and only a few provinces have achieved good synergy. There is a great disparity between the average level of the lower provinces and other provinces, and it implies a serious imbalance in the cooperative development of the eco-environment of science and technology entrepreneurship incubation in China. The coordinated development level of provincial science and technology entrepreneurship incubation ecological environment presents the distribution characteristics of gradual decline from east to middle and from west to northeast, with a certain spatial agglomeration effect.〖HJ*2/7〗#br#　This paper contributes to the study of science and technology entrepreneurship from the unique perspective of entrepreneurial incubation and evaluates the synergy effect of the ecological environment subsystems of technology entrepreneurship incubation in different provinces from an empirical point of view. It provides a theoretical basis for the authorities as how to clarify the development status and existing obstacles of the science and technology entrepreneurship incubation environment in different provinces. First of all, from the perspective of top-level design, it is necessary to focus on forming a sound science and technology entrepreneurship incubation ecological network paradigm with government policies as the leading factor, technology start-up enterprises and incubation organizations as the core with the efficient and coordinated development of incubation ecological environment subsystems. Secondly, authorities should pay more attention to the spatial agglomeration effect and spatial spillover effect of regions with a high level of eco-environmental synergy for science and technology entrepreneurship incubation. The government should formulate corresponding incentive policies for science and technology entrepreneurship and entrepreneurial incubation, actively guide the flow of science and technology entrepreneurship incubation resources to areas with low-level coordinated development of science and technology entrepreneurship incubation eco-environment, and form an integrated and interactive development pattern of regional synergy and provincial synergy. Finally, the exchanges and cooperation between neighboring regions should be further strengthened to promote the efficient flow and sharing of inter-regional and intra-regional science and technology incubation resources and information, so as to achieve the win-win cooperation between regional science and technology innovation and science and technology entrepreneurship.#br#