国内高价值专利研究热点演进与整合框架——基于SKM的可视化分析

高价值专利是构建“双循环”新发展格局的核心资源，提升产业链高价值专利产出以实现“十四五”规划目标已成为重要议题。虽然高价值专利研究热度持续升温、相关研究成果不断涌现，但目前仍处于探索阶段，且研究分散未成体系，有待系统梳理现有研究成果并构建整合框架，为本领域学者深入研究高价值专利形成机理及管理模式提供借鉴。基于科学知识图谱（SKM），运用CiteSpace工具分析高价值专利内涵、评价体系、影响因素、价值效应等前沿问题，基于研究热点演进和理论整合框架全面展示该领域发展脉络。研究发现：①中美知识产权贸易战使高价值专利于2015年成为研究热点，研究基础根植于专利质量和专利价值领域，涉及过程管理、竞争优势和价值链等理论；②高价值专利形成是一个复杂的系统工程，受法律环境制度、技术创新活动、权利人管理模式等多维因素的影响，相关构成要素、影响因素、评价体系、价值效应等研究成果有待系统整合；③高价值专利通过促进资产价值转化提升企业竞争优势并对经济高质量发展提供支撑。未来可在整合框架的基础上搭建高价值专利全生命周期管理平台、完善高价值专利管理体系、挖掘专利运用协同案例、构建高价值专利市场转化机制等。

Hotspots Evolution and Integrated Framework of High Value Patent: Visualization Analysis Based on Scientific Knowledge Mapping

High-value patents (HVP) are the core resources supporting the dual-cycle strategy. How to increase the output of HVP in the industrial chain to achieve the goals of the “14th Five-Year Plan” has become an important topic. Although HVP research continues to heat up and related achievements continue to emerge, it is still in the exploratory stage and the research is fragmented. Through practical research, it is found that the understanding and definition of HVP in the business community and the scientific research community are different, resulting in problems such as how to set the evaluation criteria for success or failure of subsequent projects, and how each subject can successfully generate HVP assets. Furthermore, when combing the theoretical research results in depth, this paper finds that the research results of HVP have not yet appeared in foreign academic circles, and most of them are based on patent value. The definition is either derived from the expression in the practice of the enterprise, or refers to the definition in the field of patent value, patent quality, etc. This reflects that the theoretical results are relatively scattered and have not yet formed a unified research object and boundary category, which also leads to diverse practices. Thus, it is necessary to systematically combine the existing results to build an integrated framework so as to provide a theoretical basis for scholars to further study the formation mechanism and management model of HVP. Based on the SKM method, it is visualized through CiteSpace to clarify the frontier issues such as the connotation of HVP, evaluation system, influencing factors, value effect, etc., and fully demonstrate its research context through hot spot analysis and theoretical integration. #br#By comparing the published data of CNKI and Web of Science in the past five years through HVP keyword search, it finds that the main results of HVP research are mostly found in Chinese literature. Therefore, this study uses CNKI full-text database to analyze the progress of HVP research, which can cover the previous mainstream theories and the current core views. Based on the SKM method, the CiteSpace tool is used to visualize the literature in the field of HVP, and the SPSS tool is used to conduct a statistical analysis of the HVP publication trend, research institutions, major journals and scholars. The research progress and context of HVP provide a complete theoretical basis for scholars in the field to further study the formation mechanism and management mode of HVP.#br#The results show that the number of HVP publications has increased exponentially since 2015, with the main results from developed provinces. Its theoretical basis is based on the earlier mature patent quality and patent value results, and the existing research mostly studies the components, evaluation system, influencing factors, value effects of HVP based on theories of process management, competitive advantage and value chain. The formation of HVP is a complex system project which is affected by multiple factors such as patent text attributes, technological innovation activities, and rights holder management models, and requires multi-agent collaboration throughout the chain cooperation. HVP can promote the transformation of corporate asset value and enhance its competitive advantage, while providing support for the high-quality development of the industrial economy. #br#In the future scholars focusd on the theoretical research in the field of HVP can try to explore how to establish a HVP full life cycle management platform to integrate leading enterprises in the industry chain, well-known scientific research institutes and high-end intellectual property service institutions and form an operation mechanism of whole chain for HVP. The platform is expected to improve relevant output efficiency. They may also explore how to improve the HVP management system and regulations, and embed the HVP formation mechanism into the process system of enterprise technology innovation, market operation and even strategic management, so as to improve output performance reflected in relevant aspects such as the integration of information utilization and conversion rate of technological innovation, patent layout management for technology navigation, high-level writing and asset operation. In-depth case studies from key laboratories, new R&D institutions, and patent application synergies led by leading enterprises are expected to conduct case mining, demonstrate and refine HVP evaluation and operation experience and corresponding cultivation mechanism, so as to provide theoretical support for technology transfer service organizations, HVP cultivation organizations, and local advantageous enterprises aiming at overseas markets. Lastly researchers can explore how enterprises obtain sustainable economic benefits through market-oriented methods such as pledge financing, equity investment, securitization, and construction of patent pools, and develop overseas equity investment and support for international business expansion.#br#