大数据驱动情景下数字创业商业模式创新关键影响因素——话语分析方法的一项探索性研究

互联网发展已快速步入大数据时代，并引发了企业管理领域的巨大变革。在此背景下，数字创业商业模式创新研究受到各领域学者的高度关注。话语分析是管理学领域一种较为新颖的质性研究方法，采用话语分析法，基于微链区块链等8家案例企业的话语证据，提炼大数据驱动情景下数字商业模式创新关键影响因素。研究发现：数字创业商业模式创新关键影响因素可结构化为数据识别、数据整合、嵌入学习等27个核心范畴，并类属化为大数据驱动情景→数据挖掘能力→数字创业商业模式创新和网络共享资源→企业适应行为→数字创业商业模式创新两条故事线；其次，对数据识别→数据感知、知识联盟→知识渗透等关系路径进行检验，提炼嵌入学习、知识渗透、价值治理和界面跨越4类典型的企业适应性行为，丰富了大数据情景下商业模式创新理论研究，对数字企业商业模式创新实践具有重要指导价值。

Key Influencing Factors of Digital Entrepreneurial Business Model Innovation in Big Data-Driven Context：An Exploratory Research Using Discourse Analysis Approach

In the era of big data, humanity has entered the period of digital technology revolution, and digital economy has become the main theme of current economic development across the world. As a product of the era of digital economy, the digital entrepreneurship driven by big data is attracting increasing attention. However, case studies show that the practice of digital entrepreneurship business model innovation in big data-driven context is presenting a very different picture. Therefore, it is an important topic to deeply investigate the key influencing factors behind the innovation of digital entrepreneurship business models in big data-driven context. At the theoretical level, existing studies have answered the question of digital entrepreneurship business model innovation in two dimensions, which are the horizontal expansion along the value chain centered on big data and the vertical expansion of business model innovation. However, compared with the practice of big data-driven digital entrepreneurship business model innovation, the existing results are weak in the study of key influencing factors, mainly because the existing studies focus on examining the direct influence of each independent explanatory variable on digital entrepreneurship business model innovation, and less precisely portray the logical association of each influencing factor. In this context, based on the efficiency of discourse analysis techniques in studying exploratory propositions, this paper focuses on the polymorphic practices of digital entrepreneurship business model innovation around the big data-driven context, systematically distills the key factors influencing digital entrepreneurship business model innovation, and aims to improve the understanding of the appropriateness of digital entrepreneurship business model innovation research in the big data-driven context.#br#　　The discourse analysis methods are uesd to conduct empirical research, and eight digital startups are selected as case study samples based on diverse business model innovations, applications in the field of big data and the amount of data media coverage. Both first-hand and second-hand discourse collection methods are adopted to ensure the reliability and validity of the discourse analysis. The number of valid discourse pool utterances constituted by the two approaches was 860, and NVIVO 8 software was used to assist the initial concept extraction work, and the consistency error was determined by calculating Cohen's Kappa coefficient.#br#　　This study introduces discourse analysis technology into the field of digital entrepreneurship business model innovation research, and provides an in-depth analysis of the kernel issue of influencing factors in big data-driven context. In the big data-driven context, digital entrepreneurship business model innovation should be promoted from both the external data context and the internal subjectivity behavior of enterprises, and enterprises should systematize their data mining capabilities, promote them from hardware and software, technology and management, pay attention to the integration of online and offline channels to promote business model innovation, and focus on differentiated business models in niche markets. On the one hand, the research results enlighten enterprises on data mining capability from the technical perspective, such as data integration capability and data system configuration;on the other hand, they inspire the adaptive behavior of enterprises in business model innovation from the perspective of management, such as knowledge penetration and embedded learning.#br#　　This paper addresses the key issue of digital entrepreneurship business model innovation by systematizing the influencing factors into two story lines，including "big data-driven scenario → data mining capability → digital entrepreneurship business model innovation" and "network shared resources → enterprise adaptation behavior → digital entrepreneurship business model innovation". The research results not only further deepen the path explanation of digital entrepreneurship business model innovation, but also make up for the lack of research on business model innovation in big data-driven context from both technical and managerial perspectives, and enrich the strength of big data-driven explanation of business model innovation. In the part of discourse model refinement, the adjacency matrix and the reachability matrix are applied as the analysis tools of discourse component association, which is an extension of the methodological level. The discourse analysis tools adopted in this paper provide a new analytical perspective for the study of combining big data and business model innovation, and it also provides a new analytical path for the study of enterprise business model innovation under the big data-driven context.#br#