创新要素流动与城市绿色创新发展——数据要素流动环境的空间调节作用

基于2004-2019年中国内地280个地级市面板数据，运用引力模型测度创新要素流动与数据要素流动环境指数，采用SBM-Undesirable模型测算城市绿色创新发展效率，使用空间杜宾模型分析创新要素流动对城市绿色创新发展的空间影响，并探究数据要素流动环境的空间调节效应。研究发现：创新要素流动仅通过改善绿色技术效率促进本地绿色创新发展，而对邻近地区绿色创新发展起抑制作用。在数据要素流动环境的调节作用下，从本地效应看，人才要素流动通过影响绿色技术效率和绿色技术进步促进城市绿色创新发展，呈“双轨驱动”特征；资本要素流动仅通过改善绿色技术效率提升城市绿色创新发展水平，呈“单轨驱动”特征。从空间溢出效应看，数据要素流动环境能合理调节人才和资本要素的空间流动，缓解创新要素的空间错配，进而对邻近地区绿色创新发展存在正向空间溢出效应。

Flowof Innovation Elements and Urban Green Innovation Development:The Spatial Moderating Effect ofData Elements' Flow Environment

In the high-quality development stage of China's economy,green innovation is the fundamental driving force for green growth and green welfare which are the ultimate goals of green innovation. Strategies ofgreen sustainable development and innovative development are inevitable choices for China's high-quality economic development. It is also a must to realize the domestic cycle to promote the free flow of innovation elements in the construction of a unified national market. In addition, a good sharing and circulation environment of data element can not only promote the effective flow of data elements anddeeply tap the potential of data elements and fully release the dividends of data elements, but also guide the orderly flow and precise matching of innovative elements such as talents and capital. Then does innovation elements mobility promote urban green innovation development? What exactly is the role of the flow environment of data elements in the development of urban green innovation? An in-depth exploration of the above two issues provides an empirical reference for the formulation of policies related to the synergistic development of "innovation" and "green" in cities in the digital economyto fully explore the potential value of data elements and enable the development of urban green innovation.#br#This study uses the panel data of 280 prefecture-level cities in China from 2004 to 2019,and employs the gravity model to measure the flow of innovation elements and the environment index of data-flow. Then it measures the development efficiency of urban green innovation by the SBM-undesirable model, and uses the spatial Durbin model to empirically analyze the spatial impact of the flow of innovation elements on the development of urban green innovation, and explore the mitigation effect of innovation element mismatch in the flow environment of data elements, as well as its spatial adjustment effect on the development of urban green innovation.#br#The research finds that firstly, the flow of innovation elements only promotes the development of local green innovation by improving the efficiency of green technology, but also inhibits the development of green innovation in neighboring areas. Secondly, the flow environment of data elements can ensure the free flow of talents and capital innovation elements in an orderly manner, and improve the matching efficiency of urban talents and capital innovation elements, and there is an effect of mitigating the mismatch of innovation elements. Thirdly, under the spatial adjustment effect of the flow of data elements, from the perspective of local effects, the flow of talent innovation elements promotes the development of urban green innovation by affecting the efficiency of green technology and the progress of green technology, showing the characteristics of "dual-track drive"; while the element flow of capital innovation only improves green technological efficiency and the level of urban green innovation and development, showing the characteristics of "single-track drive". From the spatial spillover effect, the flow environment of data element can reasonably regulate the spatial flow of talent and capital innovation, generate mismatch mitigation effect ofinnovation elements and a positive spatial spillover effect on green innovation development in neighboring regions through improving green technology efficiency and enhance green technology progress. Thus, under the spatial regulation of flow environment of data elements, the driving characteristic of innovation elements flow to urban green innovation development is changed from being "single-track driven" to "double-track driven", and innovation elements flow has a strong positive spatial spillover effect on urban green innovation development.#br#The conclusions of this paper enrich the research on the relationship between the flow of innovation elements, the flow environment of data elements and the development of green innovation. Different from the previous literature, this study innovatively uses the gravity model to measure the flow environment indicators of urban data elements, and selects the number of employees in the ICT industry as the core variable. It takes the urban market environment, communication environment, and Internet environment as attractive variables, and uses the spatial Durbin model to test the spatial correlation and technology transmissions path related to the flow of innovation elements, the flow environment of data elements, and the development of green innovation. The research conclusions provide policy support for guiding the free flow of innovation elements in an orderly manner, fully releasing the dividends of data elements, and realizing the development of urban green innovation.#br#