Abstract: | Abstract An array of concerns about animal health, potential bio-terrorism, food safety, international trade, consumer demand for credence attributes, and improving supply chain management are igniting unprecedented change in the international meat and livestock market. One noteworthy development is accelerated advancement of national individual animal identification programs. This study reviews how these systems work and what motivates animal traceback system implementation. A case study approach is used to overview an extensive system currently being used and developed in Australia. Based upon the Australian experience, we present recommendations for pending U.S. animal identification systems. |