中国装备制造业全要素生产率增长的分解:1998-2009——基于省际面板数据的研究

本文采用超越对数的随机前沿生产函数和1998-2009年的省际面板数据,测算了中国各地区装备制造业的全要素生产率(TFP)增长率,并从技术进步、技术效率变化、规模效率变化、配置效率变化四个方面对中国装备制造业全要素生产率变化的特点进行了分析。经验结果表明,样本期间内,全国以及东、中、西部地区装备制造业的TFP都有所增长,其增速皆呈现出先增后减再增的趋势;TFP增长对全国装备制造业产出增长的贡献率相对较低,仅为0.117。对TFP增长的分解发现,技术进步已成为中国装备制造业TFP增长的主要源泉,配置效率和规模效率恶化则严重阻碍了中国装备制造业TFP水平的提高。分地区来看,中部地区的TFP增长率最高,东部次之,西部最低,这主要是由于西部地区装备制造业要素配置效率的下降最为严重,东部地区规模效率的下降最为严重。

The Decomposition of Total Factor Productivity Growth in Chinese Manufacturing Equipment Industries: 1998-2009

Using translog stochastic frontier production function and provincial panel data from 1998 to 2009,this paper measures the total factor productivity(TFP) growth of manufacturing equipment industries for China’s 30 provinces,and analyzes the characteristics on the TFP growth from four aspects of technical progress,technical efficiency change,scale efficiency change and allocation efficiency change.The result shows that during the sample period,the national and regional TFP of manufacturing equipment industries have raised,and the growth rate shows a trend of increasing first,then decreasing and increasing again.The TFP growth of manufacturing equipment industries can only account for the 11.7 percents of its output growth,which is a very low contribution rate.Further decomposition shows that the technical progress has already become the main source of TFP growth of manufacturing equipment industries,whereas the degradation of scale efficiency and allocation efficiency were the main factors which would hinder the TFP growth.Form a regional perspective,the growth rates of TFP show that the middle area> the eastern area> the western area,which was mainly because of that manufacturing equipment industries’ factor allocation efficiency in western area dropped the most,while the magnitude of scale efficiency’s decline in eastern area was the largest.