人工智能技术创新缩小了性别收入差距吗？——基于中国家庭追踪调查的经验分析

人工智能技术创新在提高制造业生产效率的同时,也在重塑行业内劳动力市场中不同群体的“技能-技术”匹配关系和收入分配。本文基于中国家庭追踪调查(CFPS)数据考察人工智能技术创新对制造业性别收入差距的影响,并从理论上探讨其内在影响机理。研究发现：(1)技术进步扩大了行业中的性别工资差距,但使整体工资水平趋于上升；(2)技术进步使低技能群体的性别收入差距缩小,但却扩大了高技能群体的性别收入差距；(3)制造业中人工智能技术创新主要通过教育程度、行业内性别偏好、女性精细化能力优势以及低技能工作对体力技能需求下降的方式影响性别工资差距。

Does Artificial Intelligence Technology Innovations Closing the Gender Income Gap?-- An Empirical Study Based on CFPS Data

Artificial intelligence technology innovation not only improves the production efficiency of manufacturing, but also reshapes the "skills-technology" matching relationship and income distribution of different groups in the labor market in the industry. Based on CFPS Data, this paper examines the impact of artificial intelligence technology innovation on the gender pay gap in manufacturing industry, and theoretically explores the underlying impact mechanism. The results show that :(1) Technological progress widens the gender wage gap in the industry, but makes the overall wage level tend to rise; (2) Technological progress narrates the gender income gap of low-skilled groups, but widens the gender income gap of high-skilled groups; (3) Artificial intelligence technology innovation in the manufacturing industry affects the gender wage gap mainly through education level, gender preference in the industry, women"s advantage in refinement ability and the decline of the demand for physical skills in low-skilled jobs.