公共教育支出分配效应的实证研究

充分市场竞争在分配结果上往往是残酷的:强者富可抵国,弱者食不果腹.这种并不理想的分配结果凸显了选择市场经济体制的同时强化财政分配职能的重要性.本文首先分析了研究财政的分配职能时强调教育支出的必要性,因为教育可以改变个体生命轨迹和收入状态;文章进而对财政性教育支出与高校在校人数进行了实证分析,增加财政性教育支出,对于提高劳动者的受教育程度、增加高校在校生人数、减少低素质劳动力供给的效应是明显的;根据供需决定价格这一基本规律,如果想从根本上改变弱势群体的收入状况,唯一的办法是减少这一层次的劳动力的供给,遵循这一基本思路,笔者提出了相应的政策建议.

Empirical Research on the Distribution Effect of Public Educational Expenditure

Perfecting market competition is usually cruel in the result of distribution: the able person is wealthy more than certain countries,while the weaker can hardly get enough food for stomach. This kind of distribution result has shown the importance in strengthening the distributional function of finance while choosing market economy system. In this paper, the author first analyzes the necessity of emphasizing the educational expenditure while researching the distribution function of public finance, and considers that education can change individual life track and income state. Besides, the author makes some empirical analysis on the fiscal educational expenditure and the number of students on campus, the result shows that increasing educational expenditure can obviously improve the educational level of the labor force, increase the number of college students, and reduce the supply of low quality labor force. According to the fundamental law that price is determined by supply and demand, if we want to change the income condition of the weak group, the only way is to reduce the labor force supply of this level. Following this basic thought, the author brings up some corresponding policy suggestions.