Differentiated effects of formal and informal institutional distance between countries on the environmental performance of multinational enterprises |
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| Authors: | Javier Aguilera-Caracuel,Nuria Esther Hurtado-Torres,Juan Alberto Aragó n-Correa,Alan M. Rugman |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Pablo de Olavide University, Department of Management and Marketing, School of Economics and Business, Carretera de Utrera, Km. 1, 41013, Seville, Spain;2. University of Granada, Spain;3. University of Surrey, United Kingdom;4. University of Reading (Henley Business School), United Kingdom |
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| Abstract: | This research examines the influence of environmental institutional distance between home and host countries on the standardization of environmental performance among multinational enterprises using ordinary least-squares (OLS) regression techniques and a sample of 128 multinationals from high-polluting industries. The paper examines the environmental institutional distance of countries using the concepts of formal and informal institutional distances. The results show that whereas a high formal environmental distance between home and host countries leads multinational enterprises to achieve a different level of environmental performance according to each country's legal requirements, a high informal environmental distance encourages these firms to unify their environmental performance independently of the countries in which their units are based. The study also discusses the implications for academia, managers, and policy makers. |
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| Keywords: | Multinational enterprises Environmental performance Formal and informal environmental distance between countries Country and firm-specific advantages |
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