云南国家级自然保护区存在问题研究

云南是我国生物多样性丰富的地区,在生物多样性保护中扮演着重要角色;而云南国家级自然保护区在云南省自然保护区中又拥有较大比重,分布在云南生物多样性关键地区,对多种生态系统和大量动植物的保护起到了至关重要的作用。经过多年的努力,一些重要珍稀濒危动物种群数量有所增加。但这些保护区仍然存在一系列问题,主要包括三方面,一是客观因素,大多数保护区地处边远落后山区;二是来自于周边村寨巨大的人口压力;三是来自于当地政府和保护区,主要是缺乏长远规划、大力投资等问题。保护区资源受到如此多种因素的威胁,保护效果得不到充分发挥。只有采取强有力的保护措施,如加强社区共管、拓宽投资渠道、进行科学规划管理等,才能使保护区走上可持续发展的轨道。

Study on Existing Issues of National- Level Nature Reserves in Yunnan Province

Yunnan is one region of abundant biodiversity in China, which plays the important role in biodiversity conservation. The national - level nature reserves have occupied more proportion in all nature reserves of Yunnan Province, which distribute in the key areas of biodiversity. It has crucial function to multiple ecosystems protection and a large of plants and animals conservation. After much effort during many years, the populations of some animals have increased. However, there are still a series of issues in the reserves. Main problems come from three aspects. The first is natural conditions of these reserves, many located on remote, poor mountain areas. The second is huge population pressure from adjacent villages. The last factor is short of long - term planning and large financial support from local government and management bureau. The resources of the reserves are threatened by so many factors, so that the function of protection cannot be put in place. If some potential measures ( for example, co - management of community - based, broadened channel of investments, and scientific planning) could be adopted for the reserve in future, the sustainable management would be achieved.