笋用毛竹林“春笋早出”覆盖经营技术的经济效益分析

基于笋用毛竹林科技示范户种植地块投入产出记录数据,对笋用毛竹林"春笋早出"覆盖经营的投入产出及经济效益进行了评价,对其经济效益的敏感性进行了分析。研究结果表明:⑴与普通经营毛竹林相比,笋用毛竹林覆盖经营的要素投入与竹笋产出均很高,属于高度集约经营,而且投入与产出结构也有明显差异;⑵在当前市场条件下,采用"春笋早出"覆盖经营技术的笋用毛竹林,其成林后年均净收益达3.4万元/hm2,60年经营周期林地净现值(NPV)达36.9万元/hm2;⑶笋用毛竹林覆盖经营经济收益对冬笋价格、覆盖物价格、劳动力价格及贴现率变动非常敏感,在劳动力与覆盖物成本不断上涨的背景下,未来笋用毛竹林覆盖经营的经营效益如何,仍然具有一定的不确定性。因此,应该进一步加强对笋用毛竹林"春笋早出"覆盖经营技术的研究与示范;在制定产业发展政策时,要充分考虑市场环境变化可能带来的影响与风险;应加强对笋用毛竹林地生态效应的评估与监测。

Economic Benefit Analysis on the Mulched Technique in Shoot-Orientation Moso Bamboo Forest for Early Shooting

Based on the input-output data of shoot-orientation moso bamboo forest collected from science and technology demonstration households,this paper firstly analyzed the input-output and economic benefit status of shoot-orientation moso bamboo forest for early shooting with mulched technique,and then discussed the sensitivity of the economic benefit. The result shows that: ⑴compared with other management type of moso bamboo,this business practice was high in terms of input and output level and belong to high intensive management,and this is also different from other management type in terms of input-output structure; ⑵in the current market conditions,shoot-orientation moso bamboo forest for early shooting with mulched technique can got high economic benefits,annual average income of 34,000 Yuan /hm2 after forest,NPV of 369,000 Yuan /hm2; ⑶high economic benefits of this business practice is extremely sensitive to the discount rate and the price of early shooting,mulching materials and labor. As labor and mulching materials' price rise,it is uncertain to got higher revenues in the future. Studies suggest that the research and demonstration on mulched technique should be further strengthened. When they formulate relevant development planning,the government needs to fully consider these risks result from changing price in the Labor Market and others. Meanwhile,ecological assessment should also be test and implemented.