The actual impact of comprehensive land-use plans: Insights from high resolution observations |
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| Authors: | Nurit Alfasi Jonatan Almagor Itzhak Benenson |
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| Institution: | 1. Department of Geography and Environmental Development, Ben Gurion University of the Negev, Israel;2. Department of Geography and Human Environment, Tel Aviv University, Israel;1. University of Freiburg, Institute of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Chair for Landscape Management, Tennenbacher Str. 4, 79106 Freiburg, Germany;2. University of Copenhagen, Department of Geosciences and Natural Resource Management, Rolighedsvej 23, 1958 Frederiksberg C, Denmark;3. Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Geography Department, 10099 Berlin, Germany;1. School of Geographic and Oceanographic Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China;2. Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Geographic Information Science and Technology, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, China;3. Collaborative Innovation Center for the South Sea Studies, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China;1. School of Resource and Environment Science, Wuhan University, Wuhan, PR China;2. Key Laboratory of Geographic Information System, Ministry of Education, Wuhan University, Wuhan, PR China;1. University of Trento, Department of Civil, Environmental and Mechanical Engineering, Trento, Italy;2. Humboldt Universität zu Berlin, Department of Geography, Berlin, Germany;3. Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research, Leipzig, Germany;4. Wallenberg-Professor at the Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences SLU, Alnarp, Sweden;1. Institute of Environmental Science and Technology (ICTA), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Spain;2. Stockholm Resilience Centre, Stockholm University, Sweden;3. Norwegian Institute for Nature Research (NINA), Norway;4. Institute of Geography, Humboldt University Berlin, Germany;5. Department of Computational Landscape Ecology, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research (UFZ), Germany;6. Department of International Environment and Development Studies, Norwegian University of Life Sciences (NMBU), Norway |
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| Abstract: | Like most EU and US planning systems, planning in Israel aims to promote certainty regarding future development by employing statutory land-use plans for stabilizing and binding the development of land use. In Israel, district planning from the 1980s onwards took place in the form of long-term land-use plans. However, in practice, Israeli planning witnessed a movement toward discretionary-oriented decision-making, providing for revisions of the land-use plans and subsequently diminishing its efficacy. A pending reform suggests eliminating district land-use plans and absorbing them into national and local plans. Concerning the debate on the future of the Israeli planning system, this research aims to assess the gap between certainty-oriented regulation and actual development, often occurring on a case-by-case basis. Our aim is to evaluate the actual performance of a district land-use plan, focusing particularly on aspects of land-use. Remote Sensing and GIS-based Plan Implementation Evaluation (PIE) analysis was used to test the impact of a comprehensive outline plan for Israel's Central District on the actual development of the built environment. The results show fundamental gaps between the original land-use assignments of the district plan and actual development. The limited effectiveness of regulatory land-use planning for complex, densely populated districts is then discussed in line with the certainty–flexibility dilemma in land-use planning and the structure of planning decision-making in Israel. |
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