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Community response grids: E-government, social networks, and effective emergency management
Authors:Paul T Jaeger  Ben Shneiderman  Kenneth R Fleischmann  Jennifer Preece  Yan Qu  Philip Fei Wu  
Institution:aCollege of Information Studies, University of Maryland, 4105J Hornbake Building, College Park, 20742-4345 MD, USA;bDepartment of Computer Science, University of Maryland, MD, USA
Abstract:This paper explores the concept of developing community response grids (CRGs) for community emergency response and the policy implications of such a system. CRGs make use of the Internet and mobile communication devices, allowing residents and responders to share information, communicate, and coordinate activities in response to a major disaster. This paper explores the viability of using mobile communication technologies and the Web, including e-government, to develop response systems that would aid communities before, during, and after a major disaster, providing channels for contacting residents and responders, uploading information, distributing information, coordinating the responses of social networks, and facilitating resident-to-resident assistance. Drawing upon research from computer science, information studies, public policy, emergency management, and several other disciplines, the paper elaborates on the concept of and need for CRGs, examines related current efforts that can inform the development of CRGs, discusses how research about community networks can be used to instill trust and social capital in CRGs, and examines the issues of public policy, telecommunications, and e-government related to such a system.
Keywords:Emergency response  Public policy  E-government  Mobile communications  Social networks  Community response grid
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