高强钢热冲压成形过程宏微观数值模拟综述

热冲压成形制造高强钢零件是实现汽车轻量化的有效途径。现有热成形零件强度高但塑性低,如何在保持零件高强度同时,提高其塑性是热冲压成形发展的方向,而这需要对热成形过程微观组织演变进行更加深入的研究。相比于试验手段和理论分析,数值模拟能够更直观、更全面地反映热成形过程零件宏观的温度、应力变化历程,以及微观组织演变。总结了现有的热冲压成形过程的宏观温度场及应力场以及微观组织演变过程的模拟研究,并对今后的研究进行了展望。该方向的研究可为高强钢热冲压成形提供理论基础及技术支持,有助于汽车轻量化的实现。

Review on macro-and micro-modeling of high strength steel hot stamping process

As a main method to process high strength steel, hot stamping has become an effective way to achieve the purpose of reducing the vehicle weight. The components processed by the traditional hot stamping process have high strength and low plasticity; therefore, how to satisfy the requirement of combination mechanical property of high strength along with high plasticity is the direction of the development of hot stamping, which needs more in-depth research for microstructure evolution in thermoforming process. Compared to the experimental methods and theoretical analysis, numerical simulation can more intuitively and comprehensively reflect the temperature of the components, the changing process of stress, as well as microstructure evolution in the hot stamping process. The paper makes a literature review for simulation of temperature field and stress field of macro and microstructure evolution process in hot stamping process now, and discusses possible future study. The research can provide theoretical basis and technical support for high strength steel hot stamping process, which will help the realization of lightweight vehicles.