金属-有机骨架材料的制备及应用进展

金属-有机骨架材料(简称MOFs)是近年来发展迅猛的一种具有三维孔结构的新型高分子材料,由有机配体和金属离子通过配位键自组装形成,具有较大的比表面积和较好的吸附性能。回顾了MOFs材料的研发历程,系统地介绍了MOFs材料水/溶剂热合成、微波合成、超声合成的原理和制备方法,分析了其优点和存在的不足。讨论了MOFs材料在储氢、CO2吸附、有毒化合物吸附、催化、荧光等方面的研究进展,认为未来的研究方向是开发新的MOFs材料合成工艺,进一步提高结构稳定性,拓展其应用领域。

Preparation and application of metal-organic frameworks

Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) is an new type of polymer materials which possesses three dimensional pore structures and larger specific surface area and better adsorption property, the organic ligands and metal ions are self-assembled through the coordination bond between organic ligands and metal ions, which MOFs is formed. This paper reviews the course of research and development of MOFs, and the synthetic principles and preparation methods which include hydrothermal synthesis of water/solvent, microwave synthesis and ultrasonic synthesis are systematically introduced, furthermore the advantages and disadvantages of synthetic principles and preparation methods of MOFs are analyzed. At last, the research process of application of MOFs in storage hydrogen, adsorption of carbon dioxide, adsorption of toxic compounds, catalysis, fluorescent and other aspects is discussed, and the future research orientation is developing new process of MOFs material, improving the stability of the structure and expanding its application field.